A study assesses Chinese scientists' knowledge of patents and the relationship between scientists' patent-using behaviors and their organizations' mandates.
References
Heller, M.A. & Eisenberg, R.S. Science 280, 698–701 (1998).
Shapiro, C. Navigating the Patent Thicket: Cross Licenses, Patent Pools, and Standard Setting (MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 2001).
Andrews, L. et al. Science 314, 1395 (2006).
Lei, Z., Juneja, R. & Wright, B.D. Nat. Biotechnol. 27, 36–40 (2009).
Walsh, J.P., Arora, A. & Cohen, W.M. Science 299, 1021–1021 (2003).
Walsh, J.P., Cohen, W.M. & Cho, C. Res. Policy 36, 1184–1203 (2007).
Hu, R. et al. Nat. Biotechnol. 30, 749–750 (2012).
Huang, J. et al. Nat. Biotechnol. 30, 1007 (2012).
James, C. Global status of commercialized transgenic crops (ISAAA Briefs, Manila, Philippines, 2011).
Huang, J. et al. J. Dev. Econ. 75, 27–54 (2004).
Huang, J. et al. Austral. J. Agricult. Res. Econ. 46, 367–387 (2002).
Pray, C. et al. World Dev. 29, 813–825 (2001).
Walsh, J.P., Cho, C. & Cohen, W.M. Science 309, 2002–2003 (2005)
Acknowledgements
This research was supported by the National Key Program on GM New Varieties (2011ZX08015-001 and 002) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (71210004).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Competing interests
The authors declare no competing financial interests.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hu, R., Wang, X., Huang, J. et al. Patents and China's research and development in agricultural biotechnology. Nat Biotechnol 31, 986–988 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt.2730
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt.2730
- Springer Nature America, Inc.