Bladder-cancer cells have been found to release prostaglandin E2 when they are killed by chemotherapy. Paradoxically, this molecule stimulates the proliferation of surviving cancer stem cells, leading to tumour repopulation. See Letter p.209
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Tannock, I. Resistance through repopulation. Nature 517, 152–153 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14075
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14075
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