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Controlled vesicle deformation and lysis by single oscillating bubbles

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Abstract

The ability of collapsing (cavitating) bubbles to focus and concentrate energy, forces and stresses is at the root of phenomena such as cavitation damage, sonochemistry or sonoluminescence1,2. In a biomedical context, ultrasound-driven microbubbles have been used to enhance contrast in ultrasonic images3. The observation of bubble-enhanced sonoporation4,5,6—acoustically induced rupture of membranes—has also opened up intriguing possibilities for the therapeutic application of sonoporation as an alternative to cell-wall permeation techniques such as electroporation7 and particle guns8. However, these pioneering experiments have not been able to pinpoint the mechanism by which the violently collapsing bubble opens pores or larger holes in membranes. Here we present an experiment in which gentle (linear) bubble oscillations are sufficient to achieve rupture of lipid membranes. In this regime, the bubble dynamics and the ensuing sonoporation can be accurately controlled. The use of microbubbles as focusing agents makes acoustics on the micrometre scale (microacoustics) a viable tool, with possible applications in cell manipulation and cell-wall permeation as well as in microfluidic devices.

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Figure 1: Vesicle motion near an oscillating bubble.
Figure 2: Modelling of the streaming flow.
Figure 3: Vesicle rupture.

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Acknowledgements

We thank D. Lohse for his support and insight, and A. van den Berg and H. Gardeniers for discussions.

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  1. Faculty of Applied Physics, University of Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands

    Philippe Marmottant & Sascha Hilgenfeldt

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  1. Philippe Marmottant
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  2. Sascha Hilgenfeldt
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Correspondence to Philippe Marmottant.

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The authors declare that they have no competing financial interests.

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Marmottant, P., Hilgenfeldt, S. Controlled vesicle deformation and lysis by single oscillating bubbles. Nature 423, 153–156 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature01613

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