Certain types of regulatory T cells are preferentially induced at mucosal surfaces to maintain tolerance. However, the mechanisms involved in their induction are unclear. New evidence suggests DCs orchestrate this mucosal tolerogenic immune response.
References
Groux, H. et al. Nature 389, 737–742 (1997).
Chen, Y., Kuchroo, V. K., Inobe, J., Hafler D. A. & Weiner, H. L. Science 265, 1237–1240 (1994).
Sakaguchi, S., Sakaguchi, N., Asano, M., Itoh, M. & Toda, M. J. Immunol. 155, 1151–1164 (1995).
Akbari, O., DeKruyff, R. H. & Umetsu, D. T. Nature Immunol. 2, 725–731 (2001).
Faria, A. M. C & Weiner, H. L. Adv. Immunol. 73, 153–264 (1999).
Banchereau, J. & Steinman, R. M. Nature 392, 245–252 (1998).
Moser, M. & Murphy, K. M. Nature Immunol 1, 199–205 (2000).
Stumbles, P. A. et al. J. Exp. Med. 188, 2019–2031 (1998).
Iwasaki, A. & Kelsall, B. L. J. Exp. Med. 190, 229–239 (1999).
Spaulding, D. M., Williamson, S. I., Koopman, W. J. & McGhee, J. R. J. Exp. Med. 160, 941–946 (1984).
Viney, J. L., Mowat, A. M., O'Malley, J. M., Williamson, E. & Fanger, N. A. J. Immunol. 160, 5815–5825 (1998).
Zhang,, X., Liu L., Oida, T. & Weiner, H. L. Faseb J. 14, 1198 (2000).
Haneda, K. et al. J. Immunol. 159, 4484–4490 (1997).
Cohen, L. Am. J. Respir. Cell. Mol. Biol. 24, 509–512 (2001).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Weiner, H. The mucosal milieu creates tolerogenic dendritic cells and TR1 and TH3 regulatory cells. Nat Immunol 2, 671–672 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1038/90604
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/90604
- Springer Nature America, Inc.
This article is cited by
-
1,25(OH)2VitD3 supplementation enhances suppression of grass pollen-induced allergic asthma by subcutaneous and sublingual immunotherapy in a mouse model
Scientific Reports (2020)
-
Antigen Presentation After Stroke
Neurotherapeutics (2016)
-
The immunomodulatory properties of probiotic microorganisms beyond their viability (ghost probiotics: proposal of paraprobiotic concept)
Genes & Nutrition (2011)
-
Tolerizing allergic responses in the lung
Mucosal Immunology (2010)
-
Oral Administration of OKT3 Monoclonal Antibody to Human Subjects Induces a Dose-Dependent Immunologic Effect in T Cells and Dendritic Cells
Journal of Clinical Immunology (2010)