Skip to main content
Log in

Shigellae control the Gates of LL

  • News & Views
  • Published:

From Nature Medicine

View current issue Submit your manuscript

Pathogenic bacteria use a variety of mechanisms to combat the host immune response. New data indicate that Shigella spp. make a preemptive strike against the deployment of host antibacterial peptides (pages 180–185).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

References

  1. Islam, D. et al. Nature Med. 7,180–185 (2001).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Nhieu, G.T. & Sansonetti, P.J. Mechanism of Shigella entry into epithelial cells. Curr. Opin. Microbiol. 2, 51–55 (1999).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Rathman, M., de Lanerolle, P., Ohayon, H., Gounon, P. & Sansonetti, P. Myosin light chain kinase plays an essential role in S. flexneri dissemination. J. Cell Sci. 113, 3375–3386 (2000).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Gallo, R.L. et al. Identification of CRAMP, a cathelin-related antimicrobial peptide expressed in the embryonic and adult mouse. J. Biol. Chem. 272, 13088–13093 (1997).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Morrison, G.M., Davidson, D.J. & Dorin, J.R. A novel mouse β defensin, Defb2, which is upregulated in the airways by lipopolysaccharide. FEBS Lett. 442, 112–116 (1999).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Bals, R. et al. Mouse β-defensin 3 is an inducible antimicrobial peptide expressed in the epithelia of multiple organs. Infect. Immun. 67, 3542–3547 (1999).

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  7. O'Neil, D.A. et al. Expression and regulation of the human β-defensins hBD-1 and hBD-2 in intestinal epithelium. J. Immunol. 163, 6718–6724 (1999).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Harder, J., Bartels, J., Christophers, E. & Schroder, J.M. Isolation and characterization of Human {β}-Defensin-3, a novel human inducible peptide antibiotic. J. Biol. Chem. (Nov 20, 2000, epub ahead of print).

  9. Diamond, G., Kaiser, V., Rhodes, J., Russell, J.P. & Bevins, C.L. Transcriptional regulation of β-defensin gene expression in tracheal epithelial cells. Infect. Immun. 68, 113–119. (2000).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Frohm, M. et al. The expression of the gene coding for the antibacterial peptide LL-37 is induced in human keratinocytes during inflammatory disorders. J. Biol. Chem. 272, 15258–15263 (1997).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Turner, J., Cho, Y., Dinh, N.N., Waring, A.J. & Lehrer, R.I. Activities of LL-37, a cathelin-associated antimicrobial peptide of human neutrophils. Antimicrob. Agts. Chemother. 42, 2206–2214 (1998).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Gudmundsson, G.H. et al. The human gene FALL39 and processing of the cathelin precursor to the antibacterial peptide LL-37 in granulocytes. Eur. J. Biochem. 238, 325–332 (1996).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Wu, H., Zhang, G., Minton, J.E., Ross, C.R. & Blecha, F. Regulation of cathelicidin gene expression: induction by lipopolysaccharide, interleukin-6, retinoic acid, and Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium infection. Infect. Immun. 68, 5552–5558 (2000).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Hemmi, H. et al. A Toll-like receptor recognizes bacterial DNA. Nature 408, 740–745 (2000).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Lehrer, R. Shigellae control the Gates of LL. Nat Med 7, 158–159 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1038/84594

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/84594

  • Springer Nature America, Inc.

Navigation