Asteroids are weakly bound piles of rubble, and if one comes close to Earth, tides can cause the object to undergo landslides and structural rearrangement. The outcome of this encounter is a body with meteorite-like colours.
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Chapman, C. Stripped on passing by Earth. Nature 463, 305–306 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1038/463305a
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/463305a
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