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No quick switch to low-carbon energy

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In the first of two pieces on reducing greenhouse-gas emissions, Gert Jan Kramer and Martin Haigh analyse historic growth in energy systems to explain why deploying alternative technologies will be a long haul.

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Figure 1: Global production of primary energy sources.

HISTORIC DATA: ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (IEA, 2009), ENERGY BALANCES OF NON-OECD COUNTRIES (IEA, 2009); PROJECTIONS: SHELL INTERNATIONAL

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Gert Jan Kramer is principal scientist at Shell Global Solutions International, Grasweg 31, 1031 HW Amsterdam, The Netherlands gertjan.kramer@gmail.com ,

    Gert Jan Kramer

  2. Martin Haigh is energy adviser at Shell International, Carel van Bylandtlaan 16, 2596 HR The Hague, The Netherlands.,

    Martin Haigh

Authors
  1. Gert Jan Kramer
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  2. Martin Haigh
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Competing interests

The authors are employed by Royal Dutch Shell, a global group of energy and petrochemicals companies, but are writing in a personal capacity.

Additional information

See Opinion, page 570 . Discuss this article at http://go.nature.com/9eLudp and see online at http://www.nature.com/roadtocopenhagen .

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Kramer, G., Haigh, M. No quick switch to low-carbon energy. Nature 462, 568–569 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1038/462568a

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