The brain relies on blood to supply oxygen and glucose for energy. Surprisingly, neuronal activity, acting via supporting cells called astrocytes, can increase or decrease blood flow depending on whether oxygen levels are low or high.
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Hall, C., Attwell, D. Brain power. Nature 456, 715–716 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1038/456715a
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/456715a
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