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Climate change

Attributing cause and effect

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The climate is changing, and so are aspects of the world's physical and biological systems. It is no easy matter to link cause and effect — the latest attack on the problem brings the power of meta-analysis to bear.

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Figure 1: Going through the changes.

TOP ROW, LEFT TO RIGHT: T. JACOBSEN/ARCTICPHOTO.COM; P. SCHERMEISTER/NATL GEOGR./GETTY IMAGES; E. YOUNG/CORBIS; P. HAYS/STILL PICTURES BOTTOM ROW: R. TIDMAN/NHPA; BRYAN & CHERRY ALEXANDER PHOTOGRAPHY; F. NICKLIN/MINDEN PICTURES/GETTY IMAGES; J. HYDE/ARCTICPHOTO.COM

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Zwiers, F., Hegerl, G. Attributing cause and effect. Nature 453, 296–297 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1038/453296a

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