Abstract
ADVANCES in the field of optical computing1–3 will require the development of materials that combine a large nonlinear optical response with a fast response time. For many applications, this translates into a third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility, χ(3), in excess of 10−8 e.s.u., and a response time faster than lO ps (ref. 4). Although a wide range of inorganic5–18 and organic19–21 materials have been found to exhibit a large χ(3), either the response times tend to be far too slow or the materials are not sufficiently stable for device applications. Recently, the transition-metal oxide Fe2O3 was found to have a large χ(3) (ref. 22). Here we show that oxides of several other 3d transition metals show a similarly large nonlinear optical response; moreover, we find that a significant contribution to the overall χ(3) (∼10−8 e.s.u. in the case of V2O5) has a response time of the order of 35 ps.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Eaton, D. F. Science 253, 281–287 (1991).
Kwong, S., Rakuljic, G. A. & Yariv, A. Appl. Phys. Lett. 48, 201–203 (1986).
Soffer, B. H., Dunning, G. J., Owechko, Y. & Marom, E. Opt. Lett. 11, 118–120 (1986).
Nakanishi, H., Matsuda, H. & Okada, S. in Optical Functional Materials 41–105 (Soc. of Polymer Science, Japan, Kyoritsu, Tokyo, 1991).
Nasu, H., Ibara, Y. & Kubodera, K. J. non-cryst. Solids 110, 229–234 (1989).
Jain, R. K. & Lind, R. C. J. opt. Soc. Am. 73, 647–653 (1983).
Justus, B. L., Seaver, M. E., Ruller, J. A. & Campillo, A. J. Appl. Phys. Lett. 57, 1381–1383 (1990).
Hache, F., Ricard, D., Flytzanis, C. & Kreibig, U. Appl. Phys. A47, 347–357 (1988).
Fukumi, K. et al. Jap. J. appl. Phys. 30, L742–L744 (1991).
Fukumi, K. et al. J. appl. Phys. 75, 3075–3080 (1994).
Kadono, K. et al. Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 283, 903–908 (1993).
Magruder, R. H. et al. Appl. Phys. Lett. 62, 1730–1732 (1993).
Akai, T. et al. J. Ceram. Soc. Jap. 101, 105–107 (1993).
Magruder, R. H., Haglund, R. F. Jr, Yang, L., Wittig, J. E. & Zuhr, R. A. J. appl. Phys. 76, 708–715 (1994).
Gibbs, H. M. et al. Appl. Phys. Lett. 41, 221–222 (1982).
Glass, A. M. Opt. Engng 17, 470–479 (1978).
Günter, P. Phys. Rep. 93, 199–299 (1982).
Valley, G. C. & Klein, M. B. Opt. Engng 22, 704–711 (1983).
Sauteret, C. et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 36, 956–959 (1976).
Matsumoto, S., Kubodera, K., Kurihara, T. & Kaino, T. Appl. Phys. Lett. 51, 1–2 (1987).
Jenekhe, S. A., Chen, W., Lo, S. & Flom, S. R. Appl. Phys. Lett. 57, 126–128 (1990).
Hashimoto, T., Yoko, T. & Sakka, S. J. Ceram. Soc. Jap. 101, 64–68 (1993).
Ando, M., Kobayashi, T. & Haruta, M. J. chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 90, 1011–1013 (1994).
Kobayashi, T., Terasake, A., Hattori, T. & Kurokawa, K. Appl. Phys. B47, 107–125 (1988).
Yuen, S. Y. & Becla, P. Opt. Lett. 8, 356–358 (1983).
Wherrett, B. S. & Higgins, N. A. Proc. R. Soc. A379, 67–90 (1982).
Miller, D. A. B., Seaton, C. T., Prise, M. E. & Smith, S. D. Phys. Rev. Lett. 47, 197–200 (1981).
Strait, J. & Glass, A. M. J. opt. Soc. Am B3, 342–344 (1986).
Bylsma, R. B., Bridenbaugh, P. M., Olson, D. H. & Glass, A. M. Appl. Phys. Lett. 51, 889–891 (1987).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ando, M., Kadono, K., Haruta, M. et al. Large third-order optical nonlinearities in transition-metal oxides. Nature 374, 625–627 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1038/374625a0
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/374625a0
- Springer Nature Limited
This article is cited by
-
Nonlinear optical response in multiple-mode coupling nanomechanical system
Nonlinear Dynamics (2024)
-
Enhanced Structural, Optical, and Electrical Properties of PVP/ZnO Nanocomposites
Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science (2022)
-
Synthesis, Characterization, Morphological, Linear and Nonlinear Optical Properties of Silicon Carbide Doped PVA Nanocomposites
Silicon (2022)
-
Nonlinear optical characterization of copper oxide nanoellipsoids
Scientific Reports (2019)
-
Investigation of nonlinear optical and photocatalytic properties of sol–gel derived KBiFe2O5
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics (2019)