Skip to main content
Log in

Galileo at Jupiter — meetings with remarkable moons

  • News and Views Feature
  • Published:

From Nature

View current issue Submit your manuscript

An Erratum to this article was published on 26 February 1998

Abstract

The four large moons of Jupiter — Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto — form the most coherently organized planetary system known. Over the past two years, the Galileo spacecraft has deepened our knowledge of how these worlds are interconnected, and illuminated the uniqueness of each. Gravity data are beginning to reveal the moons' internal structure, and a new conundrum is emerging: how did outermost Callisto stay cool enough to remain an undifferentiated mixture of ice and rock?

The four large moons of Jupiter form the most coherently organized planetary system known. Over the past two years, the Galileo spacecraft has illuminated both the interconnections between these worlds and the uniqueness of each, challenging theories of moon formation and evolution.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Figure 1: The orbits of the four large satellites of Jupiter.
Figure 2: Cut-away drawings of the four Galilean satellites, based on gravity and magnetic data.

References

  1. Galilei, G. The Starry Messenger (1610) in Telescopes, Tides, and Tactics (ed. & transl. Drake, S.) 89 (Univ. Chicago Press, 1983).

  2. Shoemaker, E. M. & Wolfe, R. F. in Satellites of Jupiter (ed. Morrison, D.) 277-339 (Univ. Arizona Press, Tucson, 1982).

  3. Lunine, J. I. & Stevenson, D. J. Icarus 52, 14–39 (1982).

    Google Scholar 

  4. Showman, A. P. & Malhotra, R. Icarus 127, 93–111 (1997).

    Google Scholar 

  5. Cassen, P. M., Peale, S. J. & Reynolds, R. T. in Satellites of Jupiter (ed. Morrison, D.) 93-128 (Univ. Arizona Press, Tucson, 1982).

  6. Spencer, J. R. & Schneider, N. M. Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 24, 125–190 ( 1996).

    Google Scholar 

  7. Anderson, J. D., Sjogren, W. L. & Schubert, G. Science 272, 709– 712 (1996).

    Google Scholar 

  8. Freud, S. New Introductory Lectures in Psychoanalysis (1933) (ed. &transl. Strachey, J.) 32 (W. W. Norton, New York, 1965).

  9. Anderson, J. D., Lau, E. L., Sjogren, W. L., Schubert, G. & Moore, W. B. Nature 384, 541–543 (1996).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Anderson, J. D., Lau, E. L., Sjogren, W. L., Schubert, G. & Moore, W. B. Science 276, 1236–1239 (1997).

    Google Scholar 

  11. Stevenson, D. J. Nature 384, 511–512 ( 1996).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Schubert, G., Zhang, K., Kivelson, M. G. & Anderson, J. D. Nature 384, 544–545 ( 1996).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Ransford, G. A., Finnerty, A. A. & Collerson, K. D. Nature 289, 21– 24 (1981).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Kivelson, M. et al. Science 276, 1239– 1241 (1997).

    Google Scholar 

  15. Khurana, K. K. et al. Nature 387, 262– 264 (1997).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Anderson, J. D., Lau, E. L., Sjogren, W. L., Schubert, G. & Moore, W. B. Nature 387, 264–266 (1997).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. McKinnon, W. B. Icarus (in the press).

  18. Arculus, R. J. et al. in Origin of the Earth (eds Newsom, H. E. & Jones, J. H.) 251-271 (Oxford Univ. Press, New York, 1990).

  19. McKinnon, W. B. EOS Trans AGU 77, Fall Meet. Suppl., F442 (1996 ).

    Google Scholar 

  20. Stevenson, D. J., Harris, A. W. & Lunine, J. I. in Satellites (eds Burns, J. A. &Matthews, M. S.) 39-88 (Univ. Arizona Press, Tucson, 1986).

  21. Tonks, W. B., Pierazzo, E. & Melosh, H. J. Icarus (in the press).

  22. McKinnon, W. B. & Parmentier, E. M. in Satellites (eds Burns, J. A. &Matthews, M. S.) 716-763 (Univ. Arizona Press, Tucson, 1986).

  23. Malhotra, R. Astron. J. 110, 420–429 (1995).

    Google Scholar 

  24. Lin, D. N. C., Bodenheimer, P. & Richardson, D. C. Nature 380, 606– 607 (1996).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/status970212.html www.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/status970212.html

  26. Burns, J. A. in Satellites (eds Burns, J. A. & Matthews, M. S.) 1-38 (Univ. Arizona Press, Tucson, 1986).

  27. Davies, M. E. et al. Celest. Mech. Dynam. Astron. 53, 377–397 (1991).

    Google Scholar 

  28. Belton, M. J. S. et al. Science 274, 377– 391 (1996).

    Google Scholar 

  29. Carr, M. H. et al. Nature (in the press).

  30. Moore, J. M., Mellon, M. T. & Zent, A. P. Icarus 122, 63– 78 (1996).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

McKinnon, W. Galileo at Jupiter — meetings with remarkable moons. Nature 390, 23–26 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1038/36222

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/36222

  • Springer Nature Limited

This article is cited by

Navigation