Abstract
NANOMETRE-SCALE semiconductor quantum crystallites exhibit size-dependent and discrete excited electronic states which occur at energies higher than the band gap of the corresponding bulk solid1–4. These crystallites are too small to have continuous energy bands, even though a bulk crystal structure is present. The onset of such quantum properties sets a fundamental limit to device miniaturization in microelectronics5. Structures with either one, two or all three dimensions on the nanometer scale are of particular interest in solid state physics6. We report here our discovery of the biosynthesis of quantum crystallites in yeasts Candida glabrata and Schizosaccharomyces pombe, cultured in the presence of cad-mium salts. Short chelating peptides of general structure (γ-Glu-Cys)n-Gly control the nucleation and growth of CdS crystallites to peptide-capped intracellular particles of diameter 20 Å. These quantum CdS crystallites are more monodisperse than CdS par-ticles synthesized chemically. X-ray data indicate that, at this small size, the CdS structure differs from that of bulk CdS and tends towards a six-coordinate rock-salt structure.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Rossetti, R., Nakahara, S. & Brus, L. E. J. chem. Phys. 79, 1086–1088 (1983).
Nozik, A. J., Williams, F., Nenadovic, M. T., Rajh, T. & Micic, O.I. J. phys. Chem. 89, 397–399 (1985).
Henglein, A. in Topics in Current Chemistry 143, 113–181 (Springer, Berlin, 1988).
Rossetti, R., Ellison, J. L., Gibson, J. M., & Brus, L. E. H. J. chem. Phys. 80, 4464–4469 (1984).
Sugano, S., Nishina, Y. & Ohnishi, S. (eds) Microclusters (Springer, Heidelberg, 1987).
IEEE J. quan. Elec. Spec. Iss. QE-22, No. 9 (September 1986).
Hayashi, Y., Hakagawa, C. W. & Murasugi, A. Envir, HIth Perspect. 65, 13–19 (1986).
Grill, E., Winnacker, E. L. & Zenk, M. H. FEBS Lett. 197, 115–120 (1986).
Reese, R. N., Mehra, R. K., Tarbet, E. B. & Winge, D. R. J. biol. Chem. 263, 4186–4192 (1988).
Steffens, J. C., Hunt, D. E. & Williams, B. G. J. biol. Chem. 261, 13879–13882 (1986).
Weber, D. N., Shaw, C. F. III & Petering, D. H. J. biol. Chem. 262, 6962–6964 (1987).
Grill, E., Winnacker, E. L. & Zenk, M. H. Science 230, 674–676 (1985).
Murasugi, A., Wada Nakagawa, C. & Hayashi, Y. J. Biochem., Tokyo 96, 1375–1379 (1984).
Reese, R. N. & Winge, D. R. J. biol. Chem. 263, 12832–12835 (1988).
Mehra, R. K., Tarbet, E. B., Gray, W. R. & Winge, D. R. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 85, 8815–8819 (1988).
Osugi, J., Shimizu, K., Nakamara, T. & Onodera, A. Rev. phys. Chem., Japan 36, 59–73 (1986).
Brus, L. E. J. chem. Phys. 80, 4403–4407 (1984).
Chestnoy, N., Harris, T. D., Hull, R. & Brus, L. E. J. phys. Chem. 90, 3393–3399 (1986).
Kuczynski, J. & Thomas, J. K. Chem. Phys. Lett. 88, 445–447 (1982).
Fojtik, A., Weller, H., Koch, U. & Henglein, A. Ber. Bunsenges. phys. Chem. 88, 969–977 (1984).
Meyer, M., Walberg, C., Kurihara, K. & Fendler, J. H. J. chem. Soc. chem. Commun. 90–91 (1984).
Fendler, J. Chem. Rev. 87, 877–899 (1987).
Wang, Y. & Herron, N. J. phys. Chem. 91, 257–261 (1987).
Steigerwald, M. et al. J. Am. chem. Soc. 110, 3046–3050 (1988).
Aiking, H., Kok, K., van Heerikhuizen, H. & van't Reit, J. Appl. envir. Microbiol. 44, 938–944 (1982).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Dameron, C., Reese, R., Mehra, R. et al. Biosynthesis of cadmium sulphide quantum semiconductor crystallites. Nature 338, 596–597 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1038/338596a0
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/338596a0
- Springer Nature Limited
This article is cited by
-
Nanomicrobiology: Emerging Trends in Microbial Synthesis of Nanomaterials and Their Applications
Journal of Cluster Science (2023)
-
Mechanistic and recent updates in nano-bioremediation for developing green technology to alleviate agricultural contaminants
International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology (2023)
-
Mycosynthesis of silver nanoparticles: a review
BioMetals (2023)
-
Re-exploring silver nanoparticles and its potential applications
Nanotechnology for Environmental Engineering (2023)