Abstract
Newly discovered estrogen receptor-dependent signaling pathways demonstrate that estrogen functions in the cytosol as well as in the nucleus.
References
Razandi, M., Pedram, A., Greene, G.L. & Levin, E.R. Cell membrane and nuclear estrogen receptors (ERs) originate from a single transcript: studies of ER alpha and ER beta expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Mol. Endocrinol. 13, 307–319 (1999).
Chen, Z. et al. Estrogen receptor alpha mediates the nongenomic activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by estrogen. J. Clin. Invest. 103, 401–406 (1999).
Goetz, R.M. et al. Estradiol induces the calcium-dependent translocation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96, 2788–2793 (1999).
Garcia-Cardena, G., Fan R., Shah V., et al. Dynamic activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase Hsp90. Nature 392, 821–824 (1998).
Williams, J.K., Adams, M.R., Herrington, D.M. & Clarkson, T.B. Short-term administration of estrogen and vascular responses of atherosclerotic coronary arteries. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 20, 452–457 (1992).
Collins, P. et al. 17 beta-Estradiol attenuates acetylcholine-induced coronary arterial constriction in women but not men with coronary heart disease. Circulation 92, 24–30 (1995).
Singer, C.A., Figueroa-Masot, X.A., Batchelor, R.H. & Dorsa, D.M. The mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway mediates estrogen neuroprotection after glutamate toxicity in primary cortical neurons. J. Neurosci. 19 2455–2463 (1999).
Kawas, C. et al. A prospective study of estrogen replacement therapy and the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease: the Baltimore longitudinal study of aging. Neurology 48, 1517–1521 (1997).
Migliaccio, A., Di DM, Castoria G., et al. Tyrosine kinase/p21ras/MAP kinase pathway activation by estradiol-receptor complex in MCF-7 cells. EMBO J. 15, 1292–1300 (1996).
Improta-Brears, T. et al. Estrogen-induced activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase requires mobilization of intracellular calcium. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96, 4686–4691 (1999).
Endoh, H. et al. Rapid activation of MAP kinase by estrogen in the bone cell line. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 235, 99–102 (1997).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Collins, P., Webb, C. Estrogen hits the surface. Nat Med 5, 1130–1131 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1038/13453
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/13453
- Springer Nature America, Inc.
This article is cited by
-
Involvement of Estrogen in Rapid Pain Modulation in the Rat Spinal Cord
Neurochemical Research (2012)
-
Antiproliferative effect of estrogen in vascular smooth muscle cells is mediated by Kruppel-like factor-4 and manganese superoxide dismutase
Basic Research in Cardiology (2011)
-
Combined Src and ER blockade impairs human breast cancer proliferation in vitro and in vivo
Breast Cancer Research and Treatment (2011)
-
Potentiation of Excitatory Transmission in Substantia Gelatinosa Neurons of Rat Spinal Cord by Inhibition of Estrogen Receptor Alpha
Molecular Pain (2010)
-
Glycine Receptor in Rat Hippocampal and Spinal Cord Neurons as a Molecular Target for Rapid Actions of 17-β-Estradiol
Molecular Pain (2009)