Abstract
The constantly growing number of mobile terminal users increases also the number of mobile originated emergency calls. In the United States mobile terminal location in case of an emergency call was mandated with stringent accuracy requirements by Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in 1996. Since July 2003 emergency call location is required also in the European Union (EU), but contrary to the US, without accuracy limits. The global positioning system (GPS) offers high location accuracy, but the density of GPS-capable terminals is very low. Thus, to be able to provide location estimations for all mobile originated emergency calls nationwide, techniques based on cellular network are preferred. In many cases, however, conventional techniques cannot provide sufficient accuracy. This is typical especially for urban areas, where obstacles in signal propagation path degrade location estimation. In urban areas the mobile terminal user density is high and a substantial part of urban emergency calls are mobile originated requiring accurate location estimation. In this paper, we propose a method for emergency call location in urban areas. This database correlation method (DCM) is complemented by error correction method (ECM) developed in the frame of the EU IST project cellular network optimization based on mobile location (CELLO) [http://www.telecom.ntua.gr/cello/]. In performance evaluations DCM has proven to offer sufficient urban accuracy of 44 m in GSM field trial and 25 m in UMTS simulations. The ECM has been tested and proven to ease the implementation of DCM.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
EU Institutions Press Release, “Commission Pushes for Rapid Deployment of Location Enhanced 112 Emer-gency Services,” DN: IP/03/1122, Brussels, 25 July 2003.
E.D. Kaplan, Understanding GPS, Principles and Applications, Artech House, U.S.A., 1996.
Federal Communications Commission, Fact Sheet, “FCC Wireless 911 Requirements,” WTB/Policy, January 2001.
B. Ludden and L. Lopes, “Cellular Based Location Technologies for UMTS: A Comparison Between IPDL and TA-IPDL,” in Proceedings of IEEE 51st Vehicular Technology Conference, VTC 2000, Spring, Vol. 2, pp. 1348–1353, May 2000.
D. Porcino, “Location of Third Generation Mobile Devices: A Comparison Between Terrestrial and Satellite Positioning Systems,” in Proceedings of IEEE 53rd Vehicular Technology Conference, VTC 2001, Spring, Vol. 4, pp. 2970–2974, May 2001.
D. Bartlett and P. Morris, “CVB-A Technique to Improve OTDOA Positioning in 3G Networks,” Cambridge Positioning Systems, White paper, May 2002.
ETSI TS 101 724, Location Services (LCS), v8.1.0, April 2001.
H. Laitinen, J. Lähteenmäki, and T. Nordström, “Database Correlation Method for GSM Location,” in Proceedings of IEEE 53rd Vehicular Technology Conference, VTC 2001, Spring, Vol. 4, pp. 2504–2508, May 2001.
S. Ahonen and H. Laitinen, “Database Correlation Method for UMTS Location,” IEEE 57th Vehicular Technology Conference, VTC 2003, Spring, Vol. 4, pp. 2696–2700, April 2003.
J. Syrjärinne, “Wireless-Assisted GPS, Keeping Time with Mobiles,” GPS World Magazine, pp. 22–31, 2001.
P. Lancastera and K. Salkauskas, Curve and Surface Fitting, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Academic Press Ltd, University of Calgary, Canada, 1986.
S. Holm, W. Backman, and J. Rissanen, “Location Aided Planning Evaluation,” in E. Aarnaes (ed.), CELLO-WP3-Teleplan–D27–005, 2003.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Juurakko, S., Backman, W. Database Correlation Method with Error Correction for Emergency Location. Wireless Personal Communications 30, 183–194 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:WIRE.0000049398.10614.02
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:WIRE.0000049398.10614.02