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Investigation of Differences between Field and Laboratory pH Measurements of National Atmospheric Deposition Program/National Trends Network Precipitation Samples

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Abstract

A study was undertaken to investigate differences between laboratoryand field pH measurements for precipitation samples collected from 135 weekly precipitation-monitoring sites in the National Trends Network from 12/30/1986 to 12/28/1999. Differences in pH between field and laboratory measurements occurred for 96% of samples collected during this time period. Differences between the two measurements were evaluated for precipitation samples collected before and after January 1994, when modifications to sample-handling protocol and elimination of the contaminating bucket o-ring used in sample shipment occurred. Median hydrogen-ion and pH differences between field and laboratory measurements declined from 3. 9 μeq L-1 or 0. 10 pH units before the 1994 protocol change to 1. 4 μeq L-1 or 0. 04 pH units after the 1994 protocol change. Hydrogen-ion differences between field and laboratory measurements had a high correlation with the sample pH determined in the field. The largest pH differences between the two measurements occurred for high-pH samples (>5. 6), typical of precipitation collected in Western United States; however low-pH samples (<5. 0) displayed the highest variability in hydrogen-ion differences between field and laboratory analyses. Properly screened field pH measurements are a useful alternative to laboratory pH values for trend analysis, particularly before 1994 when laboratory pH values were influenced by sample-collection equipment.

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  1. U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, CO, U.S.A.

    Natalie Latysh & John Gordon

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  1. Natalie Latysh
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  2. John Gordon
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Correspondence to Natalie Latysh.

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Latysh, N., Gordon, J. Investigation of Differences between Field and Laboratory pH Measurements of National Atmospheric Deposition Program/National Trends Network Precipitation Samples. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 154, 249–270 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:WATE.0000022971.59349.fc

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