Abstract
Current methodology of environmental impact assessment in connection with the environmental consequences of hydrocarbons production in the shelf area is analyzed. Basing on the ecosystem approach, a scheme of environmental impact estimates is suggested, envisaging the use of a set of gradations (scales) to characterize spatial and temporal scope of impacts and their consequences, as well as criteria (thresholds) of impact permissibility, taking into account the natural variability in the population and ecosystem parameters. Estimates of the environmental and fishery-related consequences of hydrocarbon production in the sea shelf area at different stages of the process are compared to the available measured and calculated data. The suggested scheme of environmental impact assessment and criteria of permissible impacts are recommended for expert analysis, forecasting, and monitoring of the environmental situation in the sea shelf areas of Russia under the conditions of anthropogenic impact.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Aleksandrov, A.K. and Poltoratskii, S.V., On the Available Regulating and Methodological Documents Regarding the Assessment of the Damage to Fishery and the Practice of Their Application, Materialy mezhdunarodnogo seminara po probleme normativno-metodicheskogo obespecheniya otsenok ushcherbov rybnomu khozyaistvu ot razrabotki neftegazovykh mestorozhdenii na morskom shel'fe (Materials of International Workshop on the Problem of Regulation and Methodological Support of the Assessment of Damage to Fishery Caused by Oil and Gas Field Development on the Sea Shelf), Moscow, 1999, pp. 13–18.
Biologiya i okeanografiya Karskogo i Barentseva morei (po trasse Sevmorputi) (Biology and Oceanography of the Kara and Barents Seas (Along the Northern Sea Route)), Matishov, G.G., Ed., Apatity: Kol. Nauch. Tsentr, 1998.
Vremennaya instruktsiya o poryadke provedeniya OVOS pri razrabotke proektov obustroistva morskikh mestorozhdenii uglevodorodov. RD-39-018-90 (Temporal Instruction Regarding the Order of EIA in the Development of Projects for the Construction of Offshore Hydrocarbon Fields), Moscow: VNIPImorneftegaz, 1991.
Vremennye metodicheskie ukazaniya po razrabotke normativov predel'no dopustimykh vrednykh vozdeistvii na morskuyu sredu i prirodnye resursy vnutrennikh morskikh vod i territorial'nogo morya RF (pri razvedke morskikh neftegazovykh mestorozhdenii) (Temporal Methodological Recommendations for the Development of Standards for Maximum Admissible Adverse Impacts on the Marine Environment and Natural Resources of Closed Sea Water Areas and the Territorial Sea of RF (During Exploration of Offshore Oil and Gas Fields)), Moscow: Goskomekologiya, 2000.
Zelenkov, V.M. and Miskevich, I.V., Assessment of Possible Impact of Oil Production on Arctic Marine Ecosystems Using the Prirazlomnoe Field in the Pechora Sea as an Example, Materialy mezhdunarodnogo seminara "Okhrana vodnykh bioresursov v usloviyakh osvoeniya neftegazovykh mestorozhdenii na shel'fe RF" (Materials of International Workshop "Protection of Water Bioresources under the Conditions of Oil and Gas Field Development on the Shelf of RF"), Moscow: Goskomrybolovstvo, 2000, pp. 48–59.
Kompleksnye issledovaniya ekosistemy Okhotskogo moray (Comprehensive Studies of the Sea of Okhotsk Ecosystem), Sapozhnikov, V.V., Ed., Moscow: Vses. Inst. Rybov. Okeanogr., 1997.
Kochergin, I.E. and Sergusheeva, O.O., Methodological Approach to EIA for the Facilities of Offshore Oil and Gas Complex: Case Study of Sakhalin Projects, Gidrometeorologicheskie i ekologicheskie usloviya dal'nevostochnykh morei: otsenka vozdeistviya na morskuyu sredu (Hydrometeorological and Environmental Conditions of Far-Eastern Seas: Assessment of Impact on Marine Environment), Vladivostok: Dal'nauka, 1999, no. 2, pp. 176–192.
Kriksunov, E.A., Pavlov, D.S., Bobyrev, A.E., and Polonskii, Yu.M., Procedures for Asessment of Losses Inflicted to Bioresources in the Context of Currently Available Scientific Data, Materialy mezhdunarodnogo seminara po probleme normativno-metodicheskogo obespecheniya otsenok ushcherbov rybnomu khozyaistvu ot razrabotki neftegazovykh mestorozhdenii na morskom shel'fe (Materials of International Workshop on the Problem of Regulation and Methodological Support of the Assessment of Damage to Fishery Caused by Oil and Gas Field Development on the Sea Shelf), Moscow, 1999, pp. 62–70.
Matishov, G.G., Nikitin, B.A., and Sochnev, O.Ya., Ekologicheskaya bezopasnost' i monitoring pri osvoenii mestorozhdenii uglevodorodov na arkticheskom shel'fe (Environmental Safety and Monitoring at the Development of Oil and Gas Fileds on the Arctic Shelf), Moscow: Gazoil Press, 2001. 232 s.
Nauchno-metodicheskie podkhody k otsenke vozdeistviya neftegazodobychi na ekosistemy morei Arktiki (na primere Shtokmanovskogo mestorozhdeniya) (Scientific and Methodological Approaches to the Assessment of Impact of Oil and Gas Production on the Ecosystems of Arctic Seas: Case Study of Shtokmanovskoe Field), Matishov, M.M. and Nikitin, B.A., Eds., Apatity: Kol. Nauch. Tsentr, 1997.
Patin, S.A., Vliyanie zagryazneniya na biologicheskie resursy i produktivnost' Mirovogo okeana (Effect of Pollution on the Biological Resources and Production of the World Ocean), Moscow: Pishchepromizdat, 1989.
Patin, S.A., Ekologicheskie problemy osvoeniya neftegazovykh resursov morskogo shel'fa (Environmental Problems of Development of Oil and Gas Resources of the Sea Shelf), Moscow: Vses. Inst. Rybov. Okeanogr., 1997.
Patin, S.A., Neft' i ekologiya kontinental'nogo shel'fa (Oil and Ecology of Continental Shelf), Moscow: Vses. Inst. Rybov. Okeanogr.
Polozhenie ob otsenke vozdeistviya na okruzhayushchuyu sredu v Rossiiskoi Federatsii (Regulation on the Assessment of Environmental Impact in the Russian Federation), Moscow: Minprirody RF, 1994.
Ponomarenko, V.P. and Zelenkov, V.P., Biologicheskie resursy pribrezh'ya Rossiiskoi Arktiki (Biological Resources of the Russian Arctic Coastal Zone), Moscow: Vses. Inst. Rybov. Okeanogr.
Posobie po OVOS pri razrabotke TEO investitsii i proektov stroitel'stva narodnokhozyaistvennykh ob''ektov i kompleksov (Handbook for EIA at the Preparation of Feasibility Studies for Economic Facilities and Complexes), Moscow: Minprirody, 1992.
Proekt "Sakhalin-1." Varianty transportirovki nefti i gaza. Predvaritel'nyi analiz prirodookhrannykh aspektov (Sakhalin-1 Project. Variants of Oil and Gas Transportation. Preliminary Analysis of Nature Protection Aspects), Moscow: Ekotsentr MGU, 2000.
Reimers, N.F., Prirodopol'zovanie (slovar'-spravochnik) (Nature Development. Dictionary-Handbook), Moscow: Mysl', 1990.
Shuntov, V.P., Biologiya dal'nevostochnykh morei Rossii (Biology of Russian Far-Eastern Seas), Vladivostok: TINRO-tsentr, 2001, vol. 1.
ESA (Ecological Society of America), The Report of ESA Committee on Scientific Basis for Ecosystem Management, Ecol. Appl., 1996, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 665–690.
GESAMP (Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Pollution). Biological Indicators and Their Use in the Measurement of the Condition of the Marine Environment, GESAMP Repts Studies, 1995, no. 55.
GESAMP (Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Pollution). Protecting the oceans from land-based activities, GESAMP Repts Studies, 2001, no. 71.
GIWA (Global International Water Assessment). GIWA Methodology, Introduction and Scoping Scaling, 2001.
Hammond, A.L., Environmental Indicators. Wash.: World Res. Inst, 1995.
ICES (International Council for the Exploration of the Sea). Report of the ICES Advisory Committee on the Marine Environment, ICES Cooperative Res. Rep., 2000.
ICES (International Council for the Exploration of the Sea). Report of the Study Group on Ecosystem Assessment and Monitoring , Copenhagen, 2001.
North Sea Oil and the Environment. Developing Oil and Gas Resources, Environmental Impacts and Responses, London: Elsevier Appl. Sci, 1992.
OSPAR (OSPAR Commission for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic). Quality Status Report 2000 , London: OSPAR Comm., 2000.
Patin, S.A., Global Pollution and Biological Resources of the World Ocean, World Fisheries Congress Proc. New Delhy, Oxford and IBH Publ. Co., 1995, pp. 69–85.
Patin, S.A., Environmental Impact of the Offshore Oil and Gas Industry, New York: EcoMonitor Publ., 1999.
Suter, G.W., Introduction to Ecological Risk Assessment for Aquatic Toxic Effects, Fundamentals of Aquatic Toxicology, Second ed. London: Taylor & Francis Publ., 1995.
Swan, J.M., Neff, J.M., and Young, P.C., Environmental Implications of Offshore Oil and Gas Development in Australia, Sydney: Australian Petroleum Exploration Association, 1994.
Tsui, Ph.T.P., Coexistence of the fishing industry and offshore hydrocarbon development in the East Coast Canada, Proc. Int. Seminar on " Protection of Marine Biological Resources in the Conditions of Offshore Oil and Gas Development ," Moscow: Fisheries Committee, 2000.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Patin, S.A. Assessment of Anthropogenic Impact on Marine Ecosystems and Biological Resources in the Process of Oil and Gas Field Development in the Shelf Area. Water Resources 31, 413–422 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:WARE.0000035681.45972.14
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:WARE.0000035681.45972.14