Skip to main content
Log in

Thienopyrimidines: synthesis, properties, and biological activity

  • Published:
Russian Chemical Bulletin Aims and scope

Abstract

Data on the methods for the synthesis of isomeric thienopyrimidine derivatives, their chemical transformations, and biological activities are systematized and analyzed. Emphasis is given to studies published over the last 10—15 years.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. J. Gut, Adv. Heterocycl. Chem., 1963 1, 189.

    Google Scholar 

  2. J. H. Lister, Fused Pyrimidines, Part 2, Purines, in The Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds, Eds A. Weissnerger and E. C. Taylor, Wiley-Intersci., New York-London-Sydney-Toronto, 1971, 24, Pt. 2, 655.

    Google Scholar 

  3. J. H. Lister, Adv. Heterocycl. Chem., 1979, 24, 215.

    Google Scholar 

  4. P. Arya, D. T. H. Chou, and M.-G. Becek, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed., 2001, 40, 339.

    Google Scholar 

  5. I. Linchart and I. Novak, Chem. Listy, 2002, 96, 276.

    Google Scholar 

  6. C. Parkanyi, C. Boniface, J.-J. Aaron, M. Bulaceanu-MacNaiar, and N. Dakkouri, Collection, 2002, 67, 1109.

    Google Scholar 

  7. D. J. Brown, Fused Pyrimidines, Part 3, Pteridine, in The Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds, Ed. E. C. Taylor, J. Willey and Sons, New York-Chichester-Brisbane- Toronto-Singapore, 1988, 24, Pt. 3, 730.

    Google Scholar 

  8. W. L. F. Armarego, Adv. Heterocycl. Chem., 1963, 1, 253.

    Google Scholar 

  9. W. L. F. Armarego, Fused Pyrimidines, Part 1, Quiunolizines, in The Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds, Ed. A. Weissberger, 1967, 24, Pt. 1, 539.

  10. W. L. F. Armarego, Adv. Heterocycl. Chem., 1979, 24, 1.

    Google Scholar 

  11. W. J. Irwin and D. G. Wibberley, Adv. Heterocycl. Chem., 1969, 10, 149.

    Google Scholar 

  12. I. Hermecz and Z. Meszaros, Adv. Heterocycl. Chem., 1983, 33, 241.

    Google Scholar 

  13. I. Hermecz and L. Vasveri-Debreczy, Adv. Heterocycl. Chem., 1986, 39, 281.

    Google Scholar 

  14. I. Hermecz, Adv. Heterocycl. Chem., 1995, 63, 103.

    Google Scholar 

  15. I. Hermecz, Adv. Heterocycl. Chem., 1999, 73, 178.

    Google Scholar 

  16. A. Albert, Adv. Heterocycl. Chem., 1986, 39, 118.

    Google Scholar 

  17. M. A. E. Shaban and A. E. A. Morgaan, Adv. Heterocycl. Chem., 1999, 73, 131.

    Google Scholar 

  18. M. A. E. Shaban and A. E. A. Morgaan, Adv. Heterocycl. Chem., 2000, 75, 243.

    Google Scholar 

  19. M. A. E. Shaban and A. E. A. Morgaan, Adv. Heterocycl. Chem., 2000, 77, 345.

    Google Scholar 

  20. E. S. H. El Ashry and N. Rashed, Adv. Heterocycl. Chem., 1998, 71, 57.

    Google Scholar 

  21. E. S. H. El Ashry and N. Rashed, Adv. Heterocycl. Chem., 1999, 72, 127.

    Google Scholar 

  22. M. H. Elnagdi, G. E. H. Elgemeie, and M. R. H. Elmoghayar, Adv. Heterocycl. Chem., 1987, 41, 320.

    Google Scholar 

  23. I. Hermecz, Adv. Heterocycl. Chem., 1987, 42, 84.

    Google Scholar 

  24. W. Friedrichsen, in Comprehensive Heterocyclic Chemistry, Eds A. R. Katritzky and C. W. Ress, Pergamon, Oxford, 1984, 4, 1017.

    Google Scholar 

  25. R. G. Melik-Ogandzhanyan, V. E. Khachatryan, and A. S. Gapoyan, Usp. Khim., 1985, 54, 450 [Russ. Chem. Rev., 1985, 54(Engl. Transl.)].

    Google Scholar 

  26. H. D. Hartough and S. L. Meisel, Compounds with Condensed Thiophene Rings, Intersci. Publ., New York-Lon don, 1954.

    Google Scholar 

  27. E. C. Taylor and A. McKillop, in Advances in Organic Chemistry: Methods and Results, Intersci. Publ., London-Sydney-Toronto-New York, 1970, 7, 415.

    Google Scholar 

  28. K. Gewald, Khim. Geterotsikl. Soedin., 1976, 1299 [Chem. Heterocycl. Compd.,1976 (Engl. Transl.)].

  29. R. Pech and R. Boehm, Pharmazie, 1984, 39, 4.

    Google Scholar 

  30. J. B. Press, in Thiophene and its Derivatives, Ed. S. Gronowitz, Wiley Intersci., New York, 1985, pp. 44, 388, 396, 401, 423, 436.

    Google Scholar 

  31. F. S. Babichev, Yu. A. Sharanin, V. P. Litvinov, V. K. Promonenkov, and Yu. M. Volovenko, Vnutrimolekulyarnoe vzaimodeistvie nitril'noi i CH-, OH-i S-H-grupp [Intramo- lecular Interactions of the Nitrile Group with the CH, OH, and SH Groups], Naukova Dumka, Kiev, 1985, 200 pp. (in Russian).

    Google Scholar 

  32. V. P. Litvinov, Yu. A. Sharanin, and F. S. Babichev, Sulfur Reports, 1986, 6, 97.

    Google Scholar 

  33. F. S. Babichev, Yu. A. Sharanin, V. K. Promonenkov, V. P. Litvinov, and Yu. M. Volovenko, Vnutrimolekulyarnoe vzaimodeistvie nitril#x0027;noi i aminogrupp [Intramolecular Inter- actions of the Nitrile and Amino Groups], Naukova dumka, Kiev, 1987 (in Russian).

    Google Scholar 

  34. V. P. Litvinov, V. K. Promonenkov, Yu. A. Sharanin, and A. M. Shestopalov, in Itogi nauki i tekhniki. Ser. Org. khimii [Advances in Science and Technology. Ser. Organic Chemistry], VINITI, Moscow, 1989, 17, p. 72 (in Russian).

    Google Scholar 

  35. V. P. Litvinov, L. A. Rodinovskaya, Yu. A. Sharanin, A. M. Shestopalov, and A. Senning, Sulfur Reports, 1992, 13, 1.

    Google Scholar 

  36. K. Unverferth, Pharmazie, 1990, 45, 545.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Y. A. Ibrachim, A. H. M. Elwahy, and A. M. Kadry, Adv. Heterocycl. Chem., 1966, 65, 235.

    Google Scholar 

  38. G. Varvounis and Th. Giannopoulos, Adv. Heterocycl. Chem., 1996, 66, 193.

    Google Scholar 

  39. V. A. Artemov, Ph. D. (Chem.) Thesis, N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 1995, 183 pp. (in Russian).

    Google Scholar 

  40. V. L. Ivanov, Ph. D. (Chem.) Thesis, N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 1997, 141 pp. (in Russian).

    Google Scholar 

  41. P. K. Russel, J. B. Press, R. A. Rampulla, J. J. McNally, R. Falotico, J. A. Keiser, D. A. Brigcht, and A. Tobia, J. Med. Chem., 1988, 31, 1786.

    Google Scholar 

  42. Ger. Pat. 3712782; Chem. Abstr., 1989, 110, 154312.

  43. L. Capuano, M. Welter, and R. Zander, Chem. Ber., 1969, 102, 3698.

    Google Scholar 

  44. US Pat. 4670560; Chem. Abstr., 1987, 107, 115604.

  45. Eur. Pat. 640606; Chem. Abstr., 1995, 123, 112074.

  46. Belg. Pat. 769843; Chem. Abstr., 1972, 77, 5514.

  47. H. Wamhoff and M. Ertas, Synthesis, 1985, 190.

  48. US Pat. 4835157; Chem. Abstr., 1989, 111, 174121.

  49. J. L. Romine, S. W. Martin, N. A. Nickolas, and J. R. Epperson, Synthesis, 1994, 846.

  50. T. Takaya, H. Yishimoto, and E. Imoto, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn, 1967, 40, 2636.

    Google Scholar 

  51. H. Wamhoff, Chem. Ber., 1968, 101, 3377.

    Google Scholar 

  52. JP Pat. 63126884; Chem. Abstr., 1989, 110, 154282.

  53. Intern. Pat. 8902432; Chem. Abstr., 1989, 111, 97276.

  54. P. K. Russel, R. A. Rampulla, C. E. Van Nievelt, and D. H. Klaubert, J. Heterocycl. Chem., 1990, 27, 1761.

    Google Scholar 

  55. JP Pat. 0253788; Chem. Abstr., 1990, 113, 78415.

  56. G. Wagner and N. Boehm, Pharmazie, 1993, 48, 95.

    Google Scholar 

  57. M. I. Al-Ashmawi, E. H. Abdel All, S. A. El Feky, Z. K. Abdel Samii, and S. M. Sakr, Sulfur Lett., 1991, 13, 57.

    Google Scholar 

  58. K. M. Hassan, A. M. K. El-Dean, M. S. K. Youssef, F. M. Atta, and M. S. Abbady, Phosphorus, Sulfur, Silicon Relat. Elem., 1990, 47, 181.

    Google Scholar 

  59. B. S. Kim and K. Kim, J. Org. Chem., 2000, 65, 3690.

    Google Scholar 

  60. B. I. Usmanova, U. M. Mardonov, M. Kh. Shodiev, N. A. Parpiev, Sh. K. Norov, and Kh. M. Shakhidoyatov, Uzb. Khim. Zh. [Uzb. Chem. J.], 2000, 23(in Russian).

  61. Ger. (East) Pat. 240892; Chem. Abstr., 1987, 107, 77829.

  62. A. Cannito, M. Perrissin, C. Luu Duc, F. Huguet, C. Gaultier, and G. Narcisse, Eur. J. Med. Chem., 1990, 25, 635.

    Google Scholar 

  63. R. Boehm, R. Mueller, and R. Pech, Pharmazie, 1990, 45, 827.

    Google Scholar 

  64. F. Kienzle, A. Kaiser, and R. E. Minder, Helv. Chim. Acta, 1983, 66, 148.

    Google Scholar 

  65. M. Modica, M. Santagati, F. Russo, L. Parotti, L. De Gioia, C. Selvaggini, M. Salmona, and T. Mennini, J. Med. Chem., 1997, 40, 574.

    Google Scholar 

  66. M. Modica, M. Santagati, and A. Santagati, J. Heterocycl. Chem., 2001, 38, 937.

    Google Scholar 

  67. A. A. Dobosh, S. M. Khripak, and I. V. Smolyanka, Khim. Geterotsikl. Soedin., 1974, 486 [Chem. Heterocycl. Compd.,1974 (Engl. Transl.)].

  68. USSR Inventor's Certificate No. 455105; Chem. Abstr., 1975, 82, 171034.

  69. V. J. Ram, H. K. Pandey, and A. J. Vlietinek, J. Heterocycl. Chem., 1981, 18, 1277.

    Google Scholar 

  70. C. G. Dave, P. R. Shah, A. B. Shah, K. C. Dave, and V. J. Patal, J. Indian Chem. Soc., 1989, 66, 48.

    Google Scholar 

  71. J. Clark and G. Hitiris, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1, 1984, 2005.

  72. Kh. M. Shakhidoyatov, M. Kh. Shodiev, and Z. A. Aminov, Dokl. Akad. Nauk UzSSR [Dokl. Acad. Sci. UzbSSR], 1990, 32 (in Russian).

  73. Eur. Pat. 43054; Chem. Abstr., 1982, 96, 142889.

  74. U. Urleb, J. Heterocycl. Chem., 1995, 32, 69.

    Google Scholar 

  75. A. Santagati, M. Santagati, and M. Modica, Heterocycles, 1993, 36, 1315.

    Google Scholar 

  76. A. Santagati, M. Modica, M. Santagati, A. Caruso, and V. Cutuli, Pharmazie, 1994, 49, 64.

    Google Scholar 

  77. J. Garin, M. P. Loscertales, E. Melendez, F. L. Merchan, R. Rodriguez, and T. Tejero, Heterocycles, 1987, 26, 1303.

    Google Scholar 

  78. A. Sh. Oganisyan and A. S. Noravyan, Khim. Geterotsikl. Soedin., 1998, 1388 [Chem. Heterocycl. Compd.,1998 (Engl. Transl.)].

  79. A. Sh. Oganisyan, G. O. Grigoryan, and A. S. Noravyan, Khim. Geterotsikl. Soedin., 2001, 1116 [Chem. Heterocycl. Compd.,2001 (Engl. Transl.)].

  80. A. Sh. Oganisyan, G. O. Grigoryan, A. S. Noravyan, I. A. Dzhagatspanyan, and G. G. Melikyan, Khim.-farm. Zh., 2001, 35, No. 3, 6 [Pharm. Chem. J., 2001, 35, No. 3 (Engl. Transl.)].

    Google Scholar 

  81. A. Sh. Oganisyan, A. S. Noravyan, I. A. Dzhagatspanyan, and A. G. Akopyan, Khim.-farm. Zh., 2001, 35, No. 3, 9 [Pharm. Chem. J., 2001, 35, No. 3 (Engl. Transl.)].

    Google Scholar 

  82. A. Sh. Oganisyan, A. S. Noravayan, I. A. Dzhagatspanyan, and A. G. Akopyan, Khim.-farm. Zh., 2001, 35, No. 12, 8 [Pharm. Chem. J., 2001, 35, No. 12 (Engl. Transl.)].

    Google Scholar 

  83. E. Kh. Ahmed, U. Sensfuss, and W. D. Habicher, J. Heterocycl. Chem., 1999, 36, 1119.

    Google Scholar 

  84. . C. G. Dave, A. B. Shah, and H. C. Shah, J. Heterocycl. Chem., 1997, 34, 937.

    Google Scholar 

  85. M. Gustschow and J. C. Powers, J. Heterocycl. Chem., 2001, 38, 419.

    Google Scholar 

  86. M. Gruner, M. Rehwald, K. Eckert, and K. Gewald, Heterocycles, 2000, 53, 2363.

    Google Scholar 

  87. M. Guetschow, Sulfur Lett., 1993, 16, 71.

    Google Scholar 

  88. A. M. K. El-Dean, Monatsh. Chem., 1998, 129, 523.

    Google Scholar 

  89. H. S. El-Kashef, A. A. Geies, A. M. K. El-Dean, and A. A. Abdel-Hafez, J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol., 1993, 57, 15.

    Google Scholar 

  90. I. V. Smolanka, S. M. Khripak, A. A. Zeikan, and A. A. Dobosh, Khim. Geterotsikl. Soedin., 1977, 753 [Chem. Heterocycl. Compd.,1977 (Engl. Transl.)].

  91. F. M. Abdelrazek and H. A. Ead, J. Prakt. Chem., 1988, 330, 585.

    Google Scholar 

  92. K. Gewald, T. Jesckke, and M. Gruner, J. Prakt. Chem., 1991, 333, 229.

    Google Scholar 

  93. M. G. Testa, G. Perrini, U. Chiacchio, and A. Corsaro, J. Chem. Res., Synop, 1993, 302.

  94. L. I. Ibrahiem, G. H. Tamman, and T. M. S. Abdin, J. Chem. Soc. Pak., 1989, 11, 227; Chem. Abstr., 1990, 113, 23835.

    Google Scholar 

  95. P. Pazdera, M. Rezka, and E. Novacek, Chem. Pap., 1990, 44, 229.

    Google Scholar 

  96. H. Wamhoff and H. A. Thiemig, Chem. Ber., 1985, 118, 4473.

    Google Scholar 

  97. Ger. (East) Pat. 249023; Chem. Abstr., 1988, 108, 131850.

  98. R. Pech and R. Boehm, Pharmazie, 1993, 48, 347.

    Google Scholar 

  99. Ger. (East) Pat. 249020; Chem. Abstr., 1988, 108, 112495.

  100. Ger. (East) Pat. 249021; Chem. Abstr., 1988, 108, 131851.

  101. Ger. (East) Pat. 249022; Chem. Abstr., 1988, 108, 131853.

  102. R. Neidlein and Z. Sui, Helv. Chim. Acta, 1991, 74, 579.

    Google Scholar 

  103. R. W. Sabnis and D. W. Rangnekar, Indian J. Technol., 1990, 28, 54; Chem. Abstr., 1990, 113, 134152.

    Google Scholar 

  104. S. Leistner, M. Guetschow, and G. Wagner, Arch. Pharm., 1989, 322, 227.

    Google Scholar 

  105. Ger. (East) Pat. 287503; Chem. Abstr., 1991, 115, 49718.

  106. F. M. Abdlrazek and A. M. Salah, Phosphorus, Sulfur, Sili- con Relat. Elem., 1992, 71, 93.

  107. P. Sekumaran and K. N. Rajasekharan, Indian J. Chem., 1990, 29B, 1070.

    Google Scholar 

  108. C. J. Shishoo, M. B. Devani, G. V. Ullas, S. Ananthan, and V. S. Bhadti, J. Heterocycl. Chem., 1987, 24, 1125.

    Google Scholar 

  109. C. J. Shishoo and K. S. Jain, J. Heterocycl. Chem., 1993, 30, 435.

    Google Scholar 

  110. K. E. Nielsen and E. B. Pedersen, Chem. Scripta, 1981, 18, 245.

    Google Scholar 

  111. J. Mogensen, A. Jorgensen, and E. B. Pedersen, Chem. Scripta, 1988, 28, 195.

    Google Scholar 

  112. H. Wamhoff, E. Kroth, and C. Strauch, Synthesis, 1993, 1129.

  113. C. J. Shishoo, M. B. Devani, G. V. Ullas, S. Ananthan, and V. S. Bnadti, J. Heterocycl. Chem., 1988, 25, 615.

    Google Scholar 

  114. W. Ried and R. Christ, Liebigs Ann. Chem., 1980, 699.

  115. M. V. Kapustina, O. Yu. Omel'kin, I. A. Kharizomenova, V. I. Shvedov, and L. N. Felitis, Khim.-farm. Zh., 1991, 25, No. 7, 38 [Pharm. Chem. J., 1991, 25, No. 7 (Engl. Transl.)].

    Google Scholar 

  116. V. P. Litvinov, V. S. Dermugin, V. I. Shvedov, V. E. Shklover, and Yu. T. Struchkov, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Khim., 1985, 1858 [Bull. Acad. Sci. USSR, Div. Chem. Sci., 1985, 34(Engl. Transl.)].

  117. I. N. Fedorova, R. D. Sybaev, V. I. Shvedov, L. M.Alekseeva, G. Ya. Shvarts, and M. D. Mashkovskii, Khim.-farm. Zh. 1986, 20, No. 1, 39 [Pharm. Chem. J.,1986, 20, No. 1 (Engl. Transl.)].

    Google Scholar 

  118. W. Ried and G. Beller, Liebigs Ann. Chem., 1988, 633.

  119. Ger. (East) Pat. 272089; Chem. Abstr., 1990, 112, 198413.

  120. A. K. Srivastav, H. N. Pandey, A. K. Chaturbedi, and S. Singh, Cryst. Res. Technol., 1990, 25, K249; Chem. Abstr., 1991, 114, 94025.

    Google Scholar 

  121. C. G. Dave, P. R. Shah, and A. B. Shah, Indian J. Chem., 1992, 31B, 492.

    Google Scholar 

  122. R. Baumgartner, R. Pech, and R. Boehm, Pharmazie, 1993, 48, 192.

    Google Scholar 

  123. C. J. Shishoo, M. B. Devani, U. S. Pathak, S. Ananthan, V. S. Bhadti, G. V. Ullas, K. S. Jain, I. S. Rathod, D. S. Talati, and N. H. Doshi, J. Heterocycl. Chem., 1984, 21, 375.

    Google Scholar 

  124. Ger. (East) Pat. 234269; Chem. Abstr., 1986, 105, 208925.

  125. Ger. (East) Pat. 234268; Chem. Abstr., 1986, 105, 226631.

  126. Ger. (East) Pat. 234270; Chem. Abstr., 1987, 106, 33091.

  127. US Pat. 4701528; Chem. Abstr., 1988, 108, 21921.

  128. M. Perrissian, M. Farve, L. D. Cuong, F. Huguet, C. Gaultier, and G. Narcisse, Eur. J. Med. Chem., 1988, 23, 453.

    Google Scholar 

  129. C. J. Shishoo, M. B. Devani, S. Ananthan, K. S. Jain, V. S. Bhadti, S. Mohan, and L. J. Patel, Indian J. Chem., 1989, 28B, 1039.

    Google Scholar 

  130. R. Pech and R. Boehm, Pharmazie, 1989, 44, 790.

    Google Scholar 

  131. C. J. Shishoo, M. B. Devani, V. S. Bhadti, K. Jain, I. S. Rathod, R. K. Goyal, T. R. Gandhi, R. B. Patel, and S. R. Naik, Arzneim.-Forsch., 1990, 40, 567.

    Google Scholar 

  132. Ger. (East) Pat. 272087; Chem. Abstr., 1990, 113, 132206.

  133. G. D. Madding and M. D. Thompson, J. Heterocycl. Chem., 1987, 24, 581.

    Google Scholar 

  134. C. J. Shishoo, U. S. Pathak, K. S. Jain, I. T. Devani, and M. T. Chabria, Indian J. Chem., 1994, 33B, 436.

    Google Scholar 

  135. Eur. Pat. 234557; Chem. Abstr., 1988, 108, 6042.

  136. F. El-Telbany and R. O. Hutchins, J. Heterocycl. Chem., 1985, 22, 401.

    Google Scholar 

  137. H. K. Gakhar and J. K. Gill, Indian J. Chem., 1985, 24B, 432.

    Google Scholar 

  138. D. Gravier, G. Hou, F. Casadebaig, J. P. Dupin, H. Bernard, and M. Boisseau, Pharmazie, 1990, 47, 754.

    Google Scholar 

  139. S. Tumkevieius, J. Prakt. Chem./Chem.-Ztg., 1994, 336, 160.

    Google Scholar 

  140. N. S. Ibrahim, K. U. Sadek, S. I. Aziz, and M. B. Einagdi, Z. Naturforsch., Teil B, 1985, 40, 129.

    Google Scholar 

  141. Ger. (East) Pat. 272079; Chem. Abstr., 1990, 112, 216954.

  142. Eur. Pat. 349239; Chem. Abstr., 1990, 113, 23942.

  143. G. Wagner, H. Vieweg, and S. Leistner, Pharmazie, 1993, 48, 588.

    Google Scholar 

  144. Ger. (East) Pat. 240891; Chem. Abstr., 1987, 107, 39858.

  145. S. Konno, M. Tsunodo, R. Watanabe, H. Yamanaka, F. Fujita, N. Otsuka, and S. Asano, Yakugaku Zasshi, 1989, 109, 464; Chem. Abstr., 1990, 112, 118758.

    Google Scholar 

  146. R. Pech, E. Schleiermacher, and R. Boehm, Pharmazie, 1989, 44, 860.

    Google Scholar 

  147. Intern. Pat. 9303040; Chem. Abstr., 1993, 119, 160309.

  148. Ger. (East) Pat. 272088; Chem. Abstr., 1990, 112, 198412.

  149. C. Peinador, V. Ojea, and J. M. Quintela, J. Heterocycl. Chem., 1992, 29, 1963.

    Google Scholar 

  150. A. D. Dunn and R. Norrie, J. Heterocycl. Chem., 1987, 24, 85.

    Google Scholar 

  151. L. A. Rodinovskaya, E. V. Belukhina, A. M. Shestopalov, and V. P. Litvinov, Izv. Akad. Nauk, Ser. Khim., 1994, 181 [Russ. Chem. Bull., 1994, 43, (Engl. Transl.)].

    Google Scholar 

  152. L. A. Rodinovskaya, E. V. Belukhina, A. M. Shestopalov, and V. P. Litvinov, Izv. Akad. Nauk, Ser. Khim., 1994, 489 [Russ. Chem. Bull., 1994, 43, (Engl. Transl.)].

    Google Scholar 

  153. K. Gewald, U. Hain, and M. Gruner, Chem. Ber., 1988, 121, 537.

    Google Scholar 

  154. Ger. (East) Pat. 258019; Chem. Abstr., 1989, 110, 75551.

  155. Ger. (East) Pat. 258014; Chem. Abstr., 1989, 110, 95203.

  156. Ger. (East) Pat. 258018; Chem. Abstr., 1989, 110, 95265.

  157. C. J. Shishoo, M. B. Devani, G. V. Ullas, S. Ananthan, and V. S. Bhadti, J. Heterocycl. Chem., 1985, 22, 825.

    Google Scholar 

  158. J. M. Michael, M. M. Kamel, M. J. El-Zahar, A. El-Masry, and E. M. Mohi-El-Deen, Al-Azhar Bull. Sci., 1992, 3, 767; Chem. Abstr., 1993, 121, 53745.

    Google Scholar 

  159. F. M. Abdelrazek, Phosphorus, Sulfur, Silicon Relat. Elem., 1996, 119, 271.

    Google Scholar 

  160. A. P. Mkrtchyan, S. G. Kazaryan, A. S. Noravyan, R. A. Akopyan, I. A. Dzhagatspanyan, N. E. Akopyan, and A. G. Akopyan, Khim.-farm. Zh., 1986, 20, No. 11, 1312 [Pharm. Chem. J., 1986, 20, No. 11 (Engl. Transl.)].

    Google Scholar 

  161. . S. R. Rao, K. V. Rao, B. A. Otter, R. S. Klein, and W. J. Ren, Tetrahedron Lett., 1988, 29, 3537.

    Google Scholar 

  162. Ger. (East) Pat. 295381; Chem. Abstr., 1992, 116, 151787.

  163. H. Vieweg, S. Leistner, N. Boehm, J. Prantz, and G. Wagner, Pharmazie, 1993, 48, 26.

    Google Scholar 

  164. D. Briel, T. Maschke, and G. Wagner, Pharmazie, 1992, 47, 577.

    Google Scholar 

  165. J. Mogensen, K. M. H. Himly, and E. B. Pedersen, Chem. Scripta, 1989, 29, 261.

    Google Scholar 

  166. E. Palitis, E. Gudrines, V. Barkane, and Z. Sproge, Latv. Kh. Zh. [Latv. Chem. J.], 1992, 356 (in Russian).

  167. H. Maruoka, K. Yamagata, and M. Yamazuki, Liebigs Ann. Chem., 1994, 993.

  168. JP Pat. 6213284; Chem. Abstr., 1987, 107, 198350.

  169. E. Bousquet, G. Romeo, F. Guerrera, A. Caruso, and M. Amico-Roxas, Farmaco, Ed. Sci., 1985, 40, 869; Chem. Abstr., 1986, 104, 14506.

    Google Scholar 

  170. O. M. Aboulwafa, K. A. Ismail, and E. A. Koreish, Farmaco, 1992, 47, 631.

    Google Scholar 

  171. Ger. (East) Pat. 258013; Chem. Abstr., 1989, 110, 75554.

  172. Ger. (East) Pat. 257830; Chem. Abstr., 1989, 110, 95262.

  173. Ger. (East) Pat. 272086; Chem. Abstr., 1990, 112, 198411.

  174. K. M. Hassan, A. M. K. El-Dean, M. S. K. Youssef, F. M. Atta, and M. S. Abbady, Phosphorus, Sulfur, Silicon Relat. Elem., 1990, 47, 283.

    Google Scholar 

  175. S. H. El-Zanfally, M. M. El-Enany, S. M. Roshdy, and A. A. Moneer, Orient. J. Chem., 1989, 5, 242; Chem. Abstr., 1991, 114, 122243.

    Google Scholar 

  176. M. Z. A. Badr, S. A. Mahgoub, F. F. Abdel-Latif, and A. A. A. Abd, Phosphorus, Sulfur, Silicon Relat. Elem., 1991, 55, 175.

    Google Scholar 

  177. H. Wamhoff, S. Herrmann, S. Stoelben, and M. Nieger, Tetrahedron, 1993, 49, 581.

    Google Scholar 

  178. N. Boehm, U. Krasselt, S. Leistner, and G. Wagner, Pharmacie, 1992, 47, 897.

    Google Scholar 

  179. V. V. Dabaeva, A. S. Noravyan, and B. D. Enokyan, Khim. Geterotsikl. Soedin., 1995, 250 [Chem. Heterocycl. Compd.,1995 (Engl. Transl.)].

  180. G. Wagner, H. Vieweg, and S. Leistner, Pharmazie, 1993, 48, 667.

    Google Scholar 

  181. S. Leistner, M. Guestschow, and G. Wagner, Pharmazie, 1989, 44, 153.

    Google Scholar 

  182. C. G. Dave and R. D. Shah, Heterocycles, 1998, 48, 529.

    Google Scholar 

  183. K. Dridi, M. L. El Efrit, and H. Zatour, J. Soc. Chim. Tunis, 1999, 4, 387; Chem. Abstr., 2000, 132, 222501.

    Google Scholar 

  184. F. E. M. El-Baih, K. M. Khlood, and M. A. Hassan, J. Saudi Chem. Soc., 2000, 4, 281; Chem. Abstr., 2002, 136, 102346.

    Google Scholar 

  185. M. R. Prasad, A. R. R. Rao, P. Sh. Rao, and K. S. Rajan, Synthesis, 2001, 2119.

  186. Yu. M. Volovenko, E. V. Resnyanska, and A. V. Tverdokhlebov, Collection, 2002, 67, 365.

    Google Scholar 

  187. A. P. Mkrtchyan, A. S. Noravyan, and V. M. Petrosyan, Khim. Geterotsikl. Soedin., 2002, 261 [Chem. Heterocycl. Compd.,2002 (Engl. Transl.)].

  188. (a) S. A. Ryndina, A. V. Kadushkin, N. P. Solov'eva, and V. G. Granik, Izv. Akad. Nauk, Ser. Khim., 2002, 1730 [Russ. Chem. Bull., Int. Ed., 2002, 51, 1879]; (b) S. A. Ryndina, A. V. Kadushkin, N. P. Solov'eva, and V. G. Granik, Izv. Akad. Nauk, Ser. Khim., 2002, 789 [Russ. Chem. Bull., Int. Ed., 2002, 51, ]; (c) S. A. Ryndina, A. V. Kadushkin, and V. G. Granik, Abstr. II Int. Conf. on the Chemistry and Biological Activity of Oxygen- and Sulfur-Containing Heterocycles, IBS Press, Moscow, 2003, 1, 392.

  189. M. Yu. Yakovlev, O. B. Romanova, S. I. Grizik, A. V. Kadushkin, and V. G. Granik, Khim.-farm. Zh., 1997, 31, No. 11, 44 [Pharm. Chem. J., 1997, 31, No. 11 (Engl. Transl.)].

    Google Scholar 

  190. Ger. Pat. 4119767; Chem. Abstr., 1993, 112, 147575.

  191. P. Sukumaran and K. N. Rajasekharan, Indian J. Chem., 1989, 28B, 642.

    Google Scholar 

  192. H. Maruoka, F. Yamagata, and M. Yamazaki, J. Heterocycl. Chem., 2001, 38, 269.

    Google Scholar 

  193. C. Peinador, M. J. Moreira, and J. M. Quintela, Tetrahedron, 1994, 50, 6705.

    Google Scholar 

  194. A. V. Bol'but and M. V. Vovk, Abstr. of Int. Conf. on the Chemistry of Nitrogen Containing Heterocycles, CNH-2003, Kharkiv (Ukraine), 2003, 68.

  195. A. P. Mkrtchyan, S. G. Kazaryan, A. S. Noravyan, I. A. Dzhagattsparyan, I. M. Nazaryan, and A. G. Akopyan, Khim.-farm. Zh., 1998, 32, No. 9, 15 [Pharm. Chem. J., 1998, 32, No. 9 (Engl. Transl.)].

    Google Scholar 

  196. K. S. Manjunath, S. Mohan, L. V. G. Naragund, and C. J. Chamanal, Arzneim.-Forsch., 1997, 47, 1005.

    Google Scholar 

  197. Intern. Pat. 9856792; Chem. Abstr., 1999, 130, 66510.

  198. Ger. Pat. 19636769; Chem. Abstr., 1998, 128, 217381.

  199. Eur. Pat. 900799; Chem. Abstr., 1999, 130, 209718.

  200. W. Y. Ren, K. V. B. Rao, and R. S. Klein, J. Heterocycl. Chem., 1986, 23, 1757.

    Google Scholar 

  201. H. Wamhoff and M. Ertas, Chem.-Ztg., 1983, 107, 344.

    Google Scholar 

  202. Ger. (East) Pat. 234677; Chem. Abstr., 1987, 106, 5073.

  203. S. Leistner, M. Guetschow, and G. Wagner, Pharmazie, 1986, 41, 96.

    Google Scholar 

  204. S. Leistner, N. Boehm, H. Vieweg, and G. Wagner, Pharmazie, 1992, 47, 333.

    Google Scholar 

  205. Ger. (East) Pat. 258233; Chem. Abstr., 1989, 110, 114858.

  206. S. Leistner, M. Guetschow, H. Vieweg, G. Wagner, T. Strohscheidt, and R. Grupe, Pharmazie, 1988, 43, 756.

    Google Scholar 

  207. S. Vega, J. Alonso, J. A. Diaz, and F. Juquera, J. Heterocycl. Chem., 1990, 27, 269.

    Google Scholar 

  208. A. Rosovsky, C. E. Mota, J. E. Wright, J. H. Freisheim, J. J. Heusner, J. J. McCormak, and S. F. Queener, J. Med. Chem., 1993, 36, 3103.

    Google Scholar 

  209. R. J. Ife, T. H. Brown, P. Blurton, D. J. Keeling, C. A. Leach, L. M. Meeson, M. E. Parsons, and C. J. Theobald, J. Med. Chem., 1995, 38, 2763.

    Google Scholar 

  210. M. Link, Helv. Chim. Acta, 1990, 73, 797.

    Google Scholar 

  211. C. J. Shishoo, M. B. Devani, V. S. Bhadti, K. S. Jain, and S. Ababthan, J. Heterocycl. Chem., 1990, 27, 119.

    Google Scholar 

  212. E. C. Taylor and M. Patel, J. Heterocycl. Chem., 1991, 28, 1857.

    Google Scholar 

  213. V. A. Artyomov, L. A. Rodinovskaya, A. M. Shestopalov, and V. P. Litvinov, Mendeleev Commun., 1993, 149.

  214. V. A. Artemov, L. A. Rodinovskaya, A. M. Shestopalov, and V. P. Litvinov, Khim. Geterotsikl. Soedin., 1994, 122 [Chem. Heterocycl. Compd.,1994 (Engl. Transl.)].

  215. V. A. Artyomov, L. A. Rodinovskaya, A. M. Shestopalov, and V. P. Litvinov, Tetrahedron, 1996, 52, 1011.

    Google Scholar 

  216. Indian Pat. 151496; Chem. Abstr., 1984, 100, 209858.

  217. L. A. Rodinovskaya, Yu. A. Sharanin, A. M. Shestopalov, and V. P. Litvinov, Khim. Geterotsikl. Soedin., 1988, 805 [Chem. Heterocycl. Compd.,1988 (Engl. Transl.)].

  218. S. A. Mahgoub, M. Z. A. Badr, and A. A. A. Abdel-Hafez, Bull. Fac. Sci. Assiut Univ., 1991, 20, 43; Chem. Abstr., 1992, 117, 7883.

    Google Scholar 

  219. H. Wamhoff and H. A. Thiemig, Chem. Ber., 1986, 119, 1070.

    Google Scholar 

  220. F. M. Abdelrazek, Z. Naturforsch., Teil B, 1989, 44, 488.

    Google Scholar 

  221. F. M. Abdelrazek, A. M. Salah, and Z. E. Elbazza, Arch. Pharm., 1992, 325, 301.

    Google Scholar 

  222. C. J. Shishoo, M. B. Devani, V. S. Bhadti, S. Ananthan, and G. V. Ullas, Tetrahedron Lett., 1983, 24, 4611.

    Google Scholar 

  223. M. Potacek, R. Pomykal, and H. Maresova, Stud. Org. Chem., 1988, 35, 484.

    Google Scholar 

  224. M. Potacek and H. Zornova, Chem. Pap., 1992, 46, 34.

    Google Scholar 

  225. K. Yamagata, Y. Tomioka, M. Yamazaki, and K. Noda, Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1983, 31, 401.

    Google Scholar 

  226. JP Pat. 6200426; Chem. Abstr., 1987, 107, 59050.

  227. Ger. (East) Pat. 258015; Chem. Abstr., 1989, 110, 75552.

  228. Y.-W. Ho, J. Chin. Chem. Soc., 2001, 48, 1163; Chem. Abstr., 2002, 137, 140490.

    Google Scholar 

  229. M. P. Raghu, R. A. Raghuram, and R. P. Shanthan, J. Chem. Res., Synop., 2002, 5.

  230. D. Briel, Pharmazie, 1998, 53, 775.

    Google Scholar 

  231. D. Briel, Pharmazie, 1999, 54, 858.

    Google Scholar 

  232. S. Kohra, Y. Tominaga, and A. Hosomi, J. Heterocycl. Chem., 1988, 25, 959.

    Google Scholar 

  233. Intern. Pat. 13664; Chem. Abstr., 1993, 120, 106972.

  234. Ger. (East) Pat. 258012; Chem. Abstr., 1988, 110, 75556.

  235. S. El-Bahaie, M. G. Assy, and Y. A. Ibrahim, Sulfur Lett., 1988, 9, 201.

    Google Scholar 

  236. M. G. Assy, Sulfur Lett., 1990, 11, 75.

    Google Scholar 

  237. S. P. Tumkevichus, Khim. Geterotsikl. Soedin., 1988, 1559 [Chem. Heterocycl. Compd.,1988 (Engl. Transl.)].

  238. V. J. Ram, J. Prakt. Chem., 1989, 331, 957.

    Google Scholar 

  239. K. Hirota, M. Shirahashi, and S. Senda, J. Heterocycl. Chem., 1990, 27, 717.

    Google Scholar 

  240. S. Tumukevicius and J. Mickiene, Org. Prep. Proced. Int., 1991, 23, 413.

    Google Scholar 

  241. J. Clark and M. S. Shahet, J. Heterocycl. Chem., 1993, 30, 1065.

    Google Scholar 

  242. S. Tumkevichus and R. Matuliauskene, Khim. Geterotsikl. Soedin., 1987, 1131 [Chem. Heterocycl. Compd.,1987 (Engl. Transl.)].

  243. . Yu. A. Sharanin, A. M. Shestopalov, V. N. Nesterov, V. P. Litvinov, V. Yu. Mortikov, V. K. Promonenkov, V. E. Shklover, and Yu. T. Struchkov, Khim. Geterotsikl. Soedin., 1987, 1377 [Chem. Heterocycl. Compd.,1987 (Engl. Transl.)].

  244. S. A. Abdel-Hady, M. A. Badavy, and Y. A. Ibrahim, Sul fur. Lett., 1988, 9, 101.

    Google Scholar 

  245. S. El-Bahaie and M. G. Assy, Farmazie, 1990, 45, 216.

    Google Scholar 

  246. Ger. (East) Pat. 273441; Chem. Abstr., 1990, 113, 115332.

  247. Z. H. Khalil and A. A. Geies, Phosphorus, Sulfur, Silicon Relat. Elem., 1991, 60, 223.

    Google Scholar 

  248. USSR Inventor's Certificate No. 725433; Chem. Abstr., 1983, 99, 158449.

  249. S. El-Bahaie, E. E. Bayoumy, and S. Yoursif, J. Indian Chem. Soc., 1988, 65, 695.

    Google Scholar 

  250. S. El-Bahaie, Pharmazie, 1989, 44, 492.

    Google Scholar 

  251. S. El-Bahaie, M. G. Assy, and A. F. Heikal, J. Indian Chem. Soc., 1990, 67, 327.

    Google Scholar 

  252. S. El-Bahaie, B. E. Bayoumy, M. G. Assy, and S. Yousif, Pol. J. Chem., 1991, 65, 1059.

    Google Scholar 

  253. S. El-Bahaie, A. M. Kadry, M. G. Assay, and Y. A. Ibrahim, Pharmazie, 1988, 43, 537.

    Google Scholar 

  254. S. El-Bahaie and M. G. Assy, Sulfur Lett., 1988, 9, 193.

    Google Scholar 

  255. S. El-Bahaie and M. G. Assy, Pharmazie, 1989, 44, 348.

    Google Scholar 

  256. S. El-Bahaie, Sulfur. Lett., 1989, 10, 25.

    Google Scholar 

  257. S. El-Bahaie and M. G. Assy, J. Chin. Chem. Soc. (Taipei), 1990, 37, 497; Chem. Abstr., 1991, 114, 101903.

    Google Scholar 

  258. M. G. Assy, M. M. Hassanien, and S. A. Rahman, Pharmazie, 1990, 45, 792.

    Google Scholar 

  259. A. F. El-Farargy, M. G. Assy, M. M. Hassanien, and S. El-Bahaie, Pak. J. Sci. Ind. Res., 1991, 34, 4; Chem. Abstr., 1991, 115, 232168.

    Google Scholar 

  260. S. El-Bahaie, B. Bayoumy, and S. Yourssif, Egypt. J. Chem., 1989, 32, 521; Chem. Abstr., 1992, 117, 191804.

    Google Scholar 

  261. S. El-Bahaie, M. G. Assy, and A. Kadry, Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun., 1990, 55, 1049.

    Google Scholar 

  262. S. El-Bahaie, A. El-Deeb, and M. G. Assy, Pharmazie, 1991, 46, 26.

    Google Scholar 

  263. J. M. C. Golec and R. M. Scrowston, J. Chem. Res., Synop., 1988, 46.

  264. M. R. Spada, R. S. Klein, and B. A. Otter, J. Heterocycl. Chem., 1989, 26, 1851.

    Google Scholar 

  265. M. H. Elnagdi and A. W. Erian, Liebigs Ann. Chem., 1990, 1215.

  266. L. Yu, L. Wang, and J. Huang, Zhongguo Yaoke Daxue Xuebao, 1990, 21, 193; Chem. Abstr., 1991, 114, 164141.

    Google Scholar 

  267. L. Wang, L. Yu, H. Huang, Q. Geng, J. Liu, D. Dai, and D. Chen, Zhongguo Yaoke Daxue Xuebao, 1991, 22, 142; Chem. Abstr., 1992, 116, 59305.

    Google Scholar 

  268. Z. Wang, R. Neidlein, and C. Krieger, Synthesis, 2000, 255.

  269. Ohanianyan, Khim. Zh. Arm. [Chem. J. Arm.], 1999, 52, 60; Chem. Abstr., 2000, 132, 265164.

  270. K. C. Majumdar and N. K. Jana, Synth. Commun., 2000, 30, 4183.

    Google Scholar 

  271. S. Tumkevicius and A. Kaminskas, Chemija, 1999, 10, 140; Chem. Abstr., 2000, 132, 194355.

    Google Scholar 

  272. S. Tumkevicius, Z. Sarakuskaite, and A. Urbonas, Chemija, 2000, 11, 127; Chem. Abstr., 2001, 135, 137463.

    Google Scholar 

  273. U. Sensfuss and W.-D. Habicher, Heterocycles, 2001, 55, 171.

    Google Scholar 

  274. A. B. A. El-Gazzar, M. I. Hegab, S. A. Swelam, and A. S. Aly, Phosphorus, Sulfur, Silicon Relat. Elem., 2002, 177, 123.

    Google Scholar 

  275. M. Robba, J. M. Lecomte, and M. C. DeSevricourt, C. R. Acad. Sci., Ser. C, 1968, 266, 128.

    Google Scholar 

  276. M. Robba, M. P. Touzot, and R. Riquelme, C. R. Acad. Sci., Ser. C, 1973, 276, 93.

    Google Scholar 

  277. U. S. Pathak and S. J. Singh, Indian J. Chem., 1991, 30B, 618.

    Google Scholar 

  278. N. V. Kaplina, A. N. Grinev, G. A. Bogdanova, L. N. Alekseeva, T. V. Pushkina, and A. N. Fomina, Khim.-farm. Zh., 1987, 21, No. 2, 197 [Pharm. Chem. J., 1987, 21(Engl. Transl.)].

    Google Scholar 

  279. Ger. (East) Pat. 237663; Chem. Abstr., 1987, 106, 84634.

  280. Ger. (East) Pat. 245666; Chem. Abstr., 1988, 108, 6044.

  281. Ger. (East) Pat. 248593; Chem. Abstr., 1988, 108, 131852.

  282. Eur. Pat. 276057; Chem. Abstr., 1988, 109, 211088.

  283. Pat. RF 1383752; Chem. Abstr., 1995, 123, 228206.

    Google Scholar 

  284. R. Pech, T. Eisenaecher, and R. Boehm, Pharmazie, 1992, 47, 20.

    Google Scholar 

  285. M. S. Youssef, F. M. Atte, K. M. Hassan, A. M. El-Dean, and M. S. Abbday, Bull. Fac. Sci., Assuit Univ., 1991, 20, 31; Chem. Abstr., 1993, 114, 7882.

    Google Scholar 

  286. Eur. Pat. 150469; Chem. Abstr., 1986, 104, 19606.

  287. Ger. (East) Pat. 226893; Chem. Abstr., 1986, 104, 186437.

  288. Intern. Pat. 18887; Chem. Abstr., 1992, 116, 128961.

  289. Intern. Pat. 17021; Chem. Abstr., 1993, 120, 134508.

  290. R. Boehm, R. Pech, G. Haubold, and E. Hanning, Pharmazie, 1986, 41, 23.

    Google Scholar 

  291. US Pat. 3318883; Chem. Abstr., 1968, 68, 2913.

  292. Eur. Pat. 404356; Chem. Abstr., 1991, 115, 8821.

  293. Eur. Pat. 447891; Chem. Abstr., 1991, 115, 256224.

  294. J. I. Ogonor, Acta Pol. Pharm., 1986, 43, 97; Chem. Abstr., 1987, 106, 196385.

    Google Scholar 

  295. Ger. (East) Pat. 245667; Chem. Abstr., 1988, 108, 21920.

  296. JP Pat. 01313480; Chem. Abstr., 1990, 112, 216955.

  297. R. Mueller, L. Gebert, R. Pech, and R. Boehm, Pharmazie, 1993, 48, 585.

    Google Scholar 

  298. S. Yu. Ryabova, Yu. I. Trofimkin, N. Z. Tugusheva, A. V. Kadushkin, I. S. Nikolaeva, T. A. Guskova, N. I. Fadeeva, I. A. Leneva, and V. G. Granik, Khim.-farm. Zh., 1993, 27, 32 [Pharm. Chem. J., 1993, 27(Engl. Transl.)].

    Google Scholar 

  299. JP Pat. 0616557; Chem. Abstr., 1994, 120, 290120.

  300. A. N. Grinev and N. V. Kaplina, Khim. Geterotsikl. Soedin., 1985, 925 [Chem. Heterocycl. Compd.,1985 (Engl. Transl.)].

  301. Eur. Pat. 534341; Chem. Abstr., 1993, 120, 245136.

  302. K. Yamagata, Y. Tomioka, and M. Yamazaki, Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1986, 34, 516.

    Google Scholar 

  303. S. Tumkevicius, J. Prakt. Chem./Chem.-Ztg., 1994, 336, 160.

    Google Scholar 

  304. Ger. (East) Pat. 258017; Chem. Abstr., 1989, 110, 75552.

  305. S. M. Khripak, V. I. Yakubets, Yu. V. Migalina, A. S. Koz'min, and N. S. Zefirov, Khim. Geterotsikl. Soedin., 1989, 413 [Chem. Heterocycl. Compd.,1989 (Engl. Transl.)].

  306. Eur. Pat. 452002; Chem. Abstr., 1992, 116, 21069.

  307. US Pat. 4939137; Chem. Abstr., 1990, 113, 212008.

  308. M. Shodiev, B. A. Urakov, and M. I. Mukaramov, Khim. Geterotsikl. Soedin., 1990, 717 [Chem. Heterocycl. Compd.,1990 (Engl. Transl.)].

  309. R. Boehm, R. Pech, and E. Schneider, Pharmazie, 1983, 38, 135.

    Google Scholar 

  310. R. Boehm, R. Mueller, and R. Pech, Pharmazie, 1986, 41, 661.

    Google Scholar 

  311. R. K. Russel, C. E. Van Nievelt, R. A. Rampulla, and D. H. Klaubert, Synth. Commun., 1992, 22, 3221.

    Google Scholar 

  312. Eur. Pat. 329168; Chem. Abstr., 1990, 112, 77225.

  313. Eur. Pat. 443568; Chem. Abstr., 1991, 115, 232279.

  314. Eur. Pat. 640606; Chem. Abstr., 1995, 123, 112074.

  315. C. Fossey, H. Landelle, D. Laduree, and M. Robba, Nucleosides Nucleotides, 1993, 12, 937; Chem. Abstr., 1994, 120, 135054.

    Google Scholar 

  316. C. Fossey, D. Laduree, and M. Robba, Nucleosides Nucleo- tides, 1994, 13, 883; Chem. Abstr., 1994, 121, 109553.

  317. J. Renault, D. Laduree, and M. Robba, Nucleosides Nucleo- tides, 1994, 13, 1135; Chem. Abstr., 1994, 121, 158069.

  318. H. Wamhoff, W. Wambach, S. Herrmann, M. Jansen, and B. Bruehne, J. Prakt. Chem./Chem.-Ztg., 1994, 336, 129.

  319. A. A. El-Barbary, N. R. El-Brollosy, H. M. Abdel-Bary, E. B. Pedersen, P. Stein, and C. Nielsen, Liebigs Ann. Chem., 1995, 1371.

  320. A. A. El-Barbary, N. R. El-Brollosy, E. B. Pedersen, and C. Nielsen, Monatsh. Chem., 1995, 126, 593.

    Google Scholar 

  321. Eur. Pat. 502725; Chem. Abstr., 1993, 118, 22249.

  322. Intern. Pat. 9303040; Chem. Abstr., 1993, 119, 160309.

  323. US Pat. 4725599; Chem. Abstr., 1989, 110, 231654.

  324. J. S. New, W. L. Chriatopher, and P. A. Jass, J. Org. Chem., 1989, 54, 990.

    Google Scholar 

  325. M. M. Chorab and S. G. A. Hamide, Indian J. Heterocycl. Chem., 1994, 4, 103; Chem. Abstr., 1995, 122, 314510.

    Google Scholar 

  326. M. Sugiyama, T. Sakamoto, K. Tabata, K. Ebdo, K. Ito, M. Kobayashi, and H. Fukumi, Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1989, 37, 2122.

    Google Scholar 

  327. K. A. Potekhin, A. V. Maleev, Yu. T. Struchkov, S. M. Khripak, V. I. Yakubets, Yu. V. Migalina, A. S. Koz'min, and N. S. Zefirov, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR,1988, 300, 1135 [Dokl. Chem., 1988 (Engl. Transl.)].

    Google Scholar 

  328. M. M. El-Enany and F. S. El-Shafie, Orient. J. Chem., 1988, 5, 114; Chem. Abstr., 1991, 114, 81761.

    Google Scholar 

  329. S. Leistner, G. Wagner, M. Guetschow, and E. Glusa, Pharmazie, 1986, 41, 54.

    Google Scholar 

  330. F. Russo, N. A. Santagati, R. Venturini, and S. Spampinato, Pharmazie, 1990, 45, 493.

    Google Scholar 

  331. S. A. El-Feky, Z. K. Abd El-Sami, and M. I. Jaeda, Zhoghua Yaoxue Zazhi, 1993, 45, 15; Chem. Abstr., 1993, 119, 95462.

    Google Scholar 

  332. A. Zekany and S. Makleit, Pharmazie, 1987, 42, 160.

    Google Scholar 

  333. A. Santagati, M. Modica, and M. Santagati, J. Heterocycl. Chem., 1994, 31, 1141.

    Google Scholar 

  334. H. Fukumi, M. Sugiyama, and T. Sakamoto, Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1989, 37, 1197.

    Google Scholar 

  335. M. Sugiyama, T. Sakamoto, K. Tabata, K. Endo, K. Ito, and M. Kobayashi, Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1989, 37, 2096.

    Google Scholar 

  336. M. Sugiyama, T. Sakamoto, K. Tabata, and H. Fukumi, Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1989, 37, 2717.

    Google Scholar 

  337. M. Sugiyama, T. Sakamoto, and H. Fukumi, Heterocycles, 1989, 29, 985.

    Google Scholar 

  338. A. K. Srivastav, H. N. Pandey, A. K. Chaturbedi, and S. Singh, Cryst. Res. Technol., 1990, 25, K249; Chem. Abstr., 1991, 114, 94025.

    Google Scholar 

  339. A. Santagati, M. Modica, and M. Santagati, J. Heterocycl. Chem., 2000, 37, 1161.

    Google Scholar 

  340. A. Santagati, G. Granata, and M. Santagati, J. Chem. Res., Synop., 2001, 304.

  341. R. I. Vas'kevich, S. M. Khripak, V. I. Staninets, Yu. L. Zborovskii, and A. N. Chernega, Zh. Org. Khim., 2000, 36, 1091 [Russ. J. Org. Chem., 2000, 36(Engl. Transl.)].

    Google Scholar 

  342. R. I. Vas'kevich, S. M. Khripak, V. I. Staninets, Yu. L. Zborovskii, A. M. Nesterenko, and V. V. Pirozhenko, Ukr. Kh. Zh. [Ukr. Chem. J.], 2000, 66, 47.

    Google Scholar 

  343. . P. Wippich, M. Gutschow, and S. Leistner, Synthesis, 2000, 714.

  344. P. Wippich, C. Hendrerich, M. Gutschow, and S. Leistner, Synthesis, 2000, 741.

  345. E. Kh. Ahmed, Phosphorus, Sulfur, Silicon Relat. Elem., 2002, 177, 889.

    Google Scholar 

  346. V. G. Lendel, A. A. Krivovyaz, Ya. L. Zborovskii, V. I. Staninets, and A. V. Turov, Ukr. Kh. Zh. [Ukr. Chem. J.], 2002, 68, 43.

    Google Scholar 

  347. V. G. Lendel, A. A. Krivovyaz, Ya. L. Zborovskii, and V. I. Staninets, Ukr. Kh. Zh. [Ukr. Chem. J .], 2002, 68, 111.

    Google Scholar 

  348. C. J. Shishoo, M. B. Devani, G. V. Ullas, S. Ananthan, and V. S. Bhadti, J. Heterocycl. Chem., 1985, 22, 831.

    Google Scholar 

  349. G. Wagner, U. Krasselt, and S. Leistner, Pharmazie, 1991, 46, 409.

    Google Scholar 

  350. G. Wagner, N. Boehm, and S. Leistner, Pharmazie, 1993, 48, 20.

    Google Scholar 

  351. U. S. Pathak, N. V. Gandhi, S. Singh, R. P. Warde, and K. S. Jain, Indian J. Chem., 1992, 31B, 223.

    Google Scholar 

  352. K. A. Ismail and O. M. Aboul Wafa, Sulfur Lett., 1992, 15, 111.

    Google Scholar 

  353. G. Wagner and U. Krasselt, Pharmazie, 1992, 47, 943.

    Google Scholar 

  354. S. M. Khripak, R. I. Vasil'kevich, Yu. L. Zborovskii, and V. I. Staninets, Zh. Org. Khim., 2000, 36, 448 [Russ. J. Org. Chem.,2000, 36(Engl. Transl.)].

    Google Scholar 

  355. A. B. A. El-Gazzer and N. A. Hassan, Molecules, 2000, 5, 835.

    Google Scholar 

  356. A. A. Hamed, H. F. Bader, and H. El-Ashry, Z. Natur- forsch., Teil B: Chem. Sci., 2001, 56, 826.

    Google Scholar 

  357. A. Sh. Oganisyan, A. S. Noravyan, A. A. Karapetyan, M. S. Aleksanyan, and Yu. T. Struchkov, Khim. Geterotsikl. Soedin., 2001, 681 [Chem. Heterocycl. Compd.,2001 (Engl. Transl.)].

  358. A. Sh. Oganisyan, A. S. Noravyan, I. A. Dzhagatspanyan, and G. G. Melikyan, Khim.-farm. Zh., 2003, 37, No. 1, 15 [Pharm. Chem. J., 2003, 37, No. 1 (Engl. Transl.)].

    Google Scholar 

  359. E. Kh. Ahmed, Heteroatom Chem., 2002, 13, 280.

    Google Scholar 

  360. J. M. Desai and V. H. Shah, Indian J. Chem., 1997, 36B, 668.

    Google Scholar 

  361. M. M. F. Ismail, M. A. Zahran, M. S. A. El-Gaby, and Y. A. Ammar, Al-Zahar Bull. Sci., 1999, 10, 41; Chem. Abstr., 2002, 137, 102343.

    Google Scholar 

  362. E. Kh. Ahmed, Phosphorus, Sulfur, Silicon Relat. Elem., 2002, 177, 1323.

    Google Scholar 

  363. E. A. Bakhite, A. A. Geises, and H. S. El-Kashef, Phosphorus, Sulfur, Silicon Relat. Elem., 2002, 177, 303.

    Google Scholar 

  364. A. M. Abdel-Fattah, A. S. Aly, F. A. Gad, N. A. Hassan, and A. B. A. El-Gazzar, Phosphorus, Sulfur, Silicon Relat. Elem., 2000, 136, 1.

    Google Scholar 

  365. A. M. Abdel-Fattah, A. S. Aly, F. A. Gad, M. E. A. Zaki, and A. B. A. El-Gazzar, Phosphorus, Sulfur, Silicon Relat. Elem., 1988, 141, 263.

    Google Scholar 

  366. A. Z. M. Shaifullah Chowdhury, M. M. Rahman Khandker, M. M. H. Bhuiyan, and M. K. Hossain, Pakistan J. Sci. Indust. Res., 2001, 44, 63; Chem. Abstr., 2002, 136, 134726.

    Google Scholar 

  367. O. S. Moustafa, M. Z. A. Badr, and T. I. El-Emary, Bull. Korean Chem. Soc., 2002, 23, 567.

    Google Scholar 

  368. A. Miyashita, K. Obae, Y. Suzuki, E. Oishi, K.-I. Iwamoto, and T. Higashimo, Heterocycles, 1997, 45, 2159.

    Google Scholar 

  369. U. M. Mardonov, B. I. Usmanova, Kh. M. Shakhadoyanov, M. Kh. Shodiev, N. A. Parpiev, and Sh. K. Norov, Uzb. Kh. Zh. [Uzb. Chem. J.], 2000, 18 (in Russian).

  370. F. S. Gonsalves, R. C. De Oliveria, A. C. C. Freitas, and J. G. De Lima, An. Assoc. Bras. Quim., 2000, 49, 1; Chem. Abstr., 2001, 134, 115911.

    Google Scholar 

  371. S. Guccione, A. M. Doweyko, H. Cheni, G. U. Barretta, and F. Balzano, J. Comput-Aided. Mol. Des., 2000, 14, 647; Chem. Abstr., 2000, 133, 344185.

    Google Scholar 

  372. M. Modica, M. Santagati, F. Russo, C. Selvaggini, A. Cagnato, and T. Mennini, Eur. J. Med. Chem., 2000, 35, 677.

    Google Scholar 

  373. A. Santagati, G. Granata, M. Santagati, V. Gutuli, N. G. Mangano, and A. Caruso, Arzheim.-Forsch., 2002, 52, 448.

    Google Scholar 

  374. US Pat. 4054656; Chem. Abstr., 1978, 88, 37830.

  375. Belg. Pat. 859818; Chem. Abstr., 1979, 90, 38952.

  376. Eur. Pat. 144101; Chem. Abstr., 1986, 104, 68856.

  377. Ger. Offen. DE 10063223; Chem. Abstr., 2002, 137, 47209.

  378. E. Gillespie, K. W. Dungan, A. W. Gomol, and R. J. Seidehamel, Int. J. Immunopharmacol., 1985, 7, 655.

    Google Scholar 

  379. A. W. Gomol and D. L. Temple, Drug Dev. Res., 1987, 10, 57.

    Google Scholar 

  380. Belg. Pat. 769844; Chem. Abstr., 1972, 77, 5512.

  381. Ger. Offen. 10058663; Chem. Abstr., 2002, 136, 401779.

  382. US Pat. 3470183; Chem. Abstr., 1970, 72, 21706.

  383. Ger. Pat. 1959402; Chem. Abstr., 1971, 75, 76842.

  384. Ger. Pat. 1959403; Chem. Abstr., 1971, 75, 110332.

  385. Ger. Pat. 2039662; Chem. Abstr., 1972, 76, 140856.

  386. US Pat. 3644357; Chem. Abstr., 1972, 76, 140867.

  387. Ger. Pat. 2117658; Chem. Abstr., 1973, 78, 16214.

  388. Eur. Pat. 225182; Chem. Abstr., 1998, 109, 92660.

  389. PCT Int. Appl. WO 0071524; Chem. Abstr., 2001, 134, 17496.

    Google Scholar 

  390. E. F. Elslager, P. Jacob, and L. M. Werbel, J. Heterocycl. Chem., 1972, 9, 775.

    Google Scholar 

  391. Z. A. Hozien, A. A. Abdel-Wahab, K. M. Hassan, F. M. Atta, and S. A. Ahmed, Pharmazie, 1997, 52, 753.

    Google Scholar 

  392. J. D. Allan, G. M. Rliopoulos, E. Reiszner, and R. C. Moellering, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 1987, 31, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  393. I. A. Kharizomenova, A. N. Grinev, N. V. Samsonova, E. K. Panisheva, N. V. Kaplina, I. S. Nikolaeva, T. V. Pushkina, and G. N. Pershin, Khim.-farm. Zh., 1981, 15, No. 9, 40 [Pharm. Chem. J., 1981 (Engl. Transl.)].

    Google Scholar 

  394. Ger. Pat. 231103; Chem. Abstr., 1983, 98, 204410.

  395. US Pat. 4670560; Chem. Abstr., 1987, 107, 115604.

    Google Scholar 

  396. U. S. Pathak and V. Alagarsamy, Acta Pharm. Turc., 1999, 41, 37; Chem. Abstr., 1999, 131, 73625.

    Google Scholar 

  397. C. J. Shishoo, M. B. Devani, V. S. Bhadti, K. S. Tain, I. S. Rathod, R. K. Goyal, T. P. Gandhi, R. B. Patel, and D. R. Naik, Arzneim.-Forsch., 1990, 55, 1049.

  398. US Pat. 835157; Chem. Abstr., 1989, 111, 174121.

  399. JP Pat. 7342271; Chem. Abstr., 1973, 78, 29795.

  400. JP Pat. 7746095; Chem. Abstr., 1977, 87, 117896.

  401. JP Pat. 2`00038350; Chem. Abstr., 2000, 132, 146643.

  402. V. Darias, M. P. Fernandez-Tome, R. Mardonero, J. Del-Rio, and G. Villa-Coro, Chim. Theor., 1972, 4, 224.

    Google Scholar 

  403. C. J. Shishoo, V. S. Shirsath, I. S. Rathod, and V. D. Yande, Eur. J. Med. Chem., 2000, 35, 351.

    Google Scholar 

  404. C. D. Patil, G. S. Sadana, and K. D. Deadhar, J. Indian Chem. Soc., 1991, 68, 169.

    Google Scholar 

  405. A. A. Moneer, Bull. Fac. Pharm. (Cairo Univ.), 2001, 39, 27; Chem. Abstr., 2002, 137, 216713.

    Google Scholar 

  406. A. E. Abdel-Rahman, E. A. Bakhite, and E. A. Al-Taifi, J. Chin. Chem. Soc., 2002, 49, 223; Chem. Abstr., 2002, 137, 294919.

    Google Scholar 

  407. M. Shah, P. Patel, and H. Parekh, Orient. J. Chem., 2002, 18, 159; Chem. Abstr., 2002, 137, 310886.

    Google Scholar 

  408. Y. A. Ammar, M. M. Ismail, M. S. A. El-Gaby, and M. A. Zahran, Indian J. Chem., 2002, 41B, 1486; Chem. Abstr., 2003, 138, 24692.

    Google Scholar 

  409. R. V. Chambhare, A. S. Bobade, and B. G. Khadse, Indian J. Heterocycl. Chem., 2002, 12, 67; Chem. Abstr., 2003, 138, 170176.

    Google Scholar 

  410. Belg. Pat. 663693; Chem. Abstr., 1966, 64, 19635.

  411. US Pat. 3272811; Chem. Abstr., 1967, 66, 2581.

  412. Brit. Pat. 1057612; Chem. Abstr., 1967, 67, 100149.

  413. Brit. Pat. 1048986; Chem. Abstr., 1967, 66, 65500.

  414. Fr. Pat. 2035768; Chem. Abstr., 1971, 75, 129830.

  415. Ger. Pat. 2104435; Chem. Abstr., 1971, 75, 140883.

  416. JP Pat. 7511398; Chem. Abstr., 1975, 83, 193369.

  417. Ger. Pat. 2264222; Chem. Abstr., 1973, 79, 78837.

  418. JP Pat. 75140487; Chem. Abstr., 1975, 85, 21428.

  419. M. B. Devani, C. J. Shishoo, U. S. Pathak, G. F. Shah, and A. C. Padjya, J. Pharm. Sci., 1976, 65, 660.

    Google Scholar 

  420. M. Perrissin, M. Favre, C. Luu-Duc, F. Bakri-Logeais, F. Huguit, and G. Narcisse, Eur. J. Med. Chem., 1984, 19, 420.

    Google Scholar 

  421. F. Russo, A. Santagati, M. Santagati, A. Caruso, M. G. Leone, A. Felice, and M. Amico-Roxas, Eur. J. Med. Chem., 1989, 24, 91.

    Google Scholar 

  422. M. R. Prasad, U. S. Pathak, and A. R. R. Rao, Arzneim.-Forsch., 2000, 50, 904.

    Google Scholar 

  423. I. S. Rathod, A. S. Pillei, and V. S. Shirsath, Indian J. Heterocycl. Chem., 2000, 10, 93; Chem. Abstr., 2001, 134, 280803.

    Google Scholar 

  424. US Pat. 6232320; Chem. Abstr., 2001, 134, 3532971.

  425. PCT Int. Appl. WO 9962908; Chem. Abstr., 2000, 132, 22956.

    Google Scholar 

  426. PCT Int. Appl. WO 0075145; Chem. Abstr., 2001, 134, 42120.

    Google Scholar 

  427. A. O. Stewart, P. A. Bhatia, C. M. McCarty, M. V. Meena, M. A. Staeger, D. L. Arendsen, I. W. Gunawardana, L. M. Melcher, G.-D. Zhu, S. A. Boyd, D. G. Fry, B. L. Cool, L. Kifle, K. Lartey, K. S. Marsh, A. J. Kempf-Grote, P. Kilgannon, W. Wisdom, J. Meyer, W. M. Gallatin, and G. F. Okasinski, J. Med. Chem., 2001, 44, 988.a

    Google Scholar 

  428. A. K. El-Ansary and A. H. Omar, Bull. Fac. Pharm. (Cairo Univ.), 2001, 39, 17; Chem. Abstr., 2002, 136, 216712.

    Google Scholar 

  429. PCT Int. Appl. WO 08113; Chem. Abstr., 1990, 112, 98553.

  430. PCT Int. Appl. WO 03040; Chem. Abstr., 1993, 119, 160309.

  431. JP Pat. 225485; Chem. Abstr., 1991, 114, 102035.

  432. PCT Int. Appl. WO 9806722; Chem. Abstr., 1998, 128, 192662.

    Google Scholar 

  433. PCT Int. Appl. WO 9817668; Chem. Abstr., 1998, 128, 321652.

    Google Scholar 

  434. PCT Int. Appl. WO 2002049649; Chem. Abstr., 2002, 137, 47217.

    Google Scholar 

  435. PCT Int. Appl. WO 2002049650; Chem. Abstr., 2002, 137, 47218.

    Google Scholar 

  436. Ger. Offen. DE 10104802; Chem. Abstr., 2002, 137, 154940.

  437. Ger. Offen. DE 10104097; Chem. Abstr., 2002, 137, 125173.

  438. Ger. Offen. DE 10063221; Chem. Abstr., 2002, 137, 33315.

  439. JP Pat. 2002105082; Chem. Abstr., 2002, 136, 294847.

  440. PCT Int. Appl. WO 2002000664; Chem. Abstr., 2002, 136, 85819.

    Google Scholar 

  441. PCT Int. Appl. WO 2002018389; Chem. Abstr., 2002, 136, 216766.

    Google Scholar 

  442. PCT Int. Appl. WO 9707119; Chem. Abstr., 1997, 126, 238392.

    Google Scholar 

  443. PCT Int. Appl. WO 0004027; Chem. Abstr., 2000, 132, 107962.

    Google Scholar 

  444. PCT Int. Appl. WO 0005234; Chem. Abstr., 2000, 132, 137399.

    Google Scholar 

  445. PCT 0056738; Chem. Abstr., 2000, 133, 252455.

  446. PCT Int. Appl. WO 0164683; Chem. Abstr., 2001, 135, 227012.

    Google Scholar 

  447. PCT Int. Appl. WO 2002062803; Chem. Abstr., 2002, 137, 169542.

    Google Scholar 

  448. PCT Int. Appl. WO 2002055524; Chem. Abstr., 2002, 137, 109287.

    Google Scholar 

  449. PCT Int. Appl. WO 0056739; Chem. Abstr., 2001, 134, 4946.

    Google Scholar 

  450. PCT Int. Appl. WO 9856792; Chem. Abstr., 1999, 130, 66510.

    Google Scholar 

  451. PCT Int. Appl. WO 2003020727; Chem. Abstr., 2003, 138, 238195.

  452. PCT Int. Appl. WO 2003027726; Chem. Abstr., 2003, 138, 238194.

  453. PCT Int. Appl. WO 2002024703; Chem. Abstr., 2002, 137, 279442.

    Google Scholar 

  454. Ger. Offen. DE 19636769; Chem. Abstr., 1998, 128, 217381.

  455. US Pat. 5679683; Chem. Abstr., 1997, 127, 358871.

  456. US Pat. 6166019; Chem. Abstr., 2001, 134, 56691.

  457. PCT Int. Appl. WO 0102409; Chem. Abstr., 2001, 134, 100882.

    Google Scholar 

  458. PCT Int. Appl. WO 0061586; Chem. Abstr., 2000, 133, 309903.

  459. PCT Int. Appl. WO 20020002568; Chem. Abstr., 2002, 136, 102403.

    Google Scholar 

  460. PCT Int. Appl. WO 2003022852; Chem. Abstr., 2003, 138, 238197.

  461. P. F. Kador, N. E. Sharples, and J. D. Goosey, Prog. Clin. Biol. Res., 1982, 114, 243; Chem. Abstr., 1983, 98, 172563.

    Google Scholar 

  462. K. Ogawa, T. Yamawaki, Y. I. Matsusita, N. Nomura, F. R. Kador, and J. H. Kinoshita, Eur. J. Med. Chem., 1993, 28, 769.

    Google Scholar 

  463. J. B. Press, R. K. Russell, J. J. McNally, R. A. Rampulla, R. Falotico, C. Scott, J. B. Moore, S. J. Offort, and J. Tobia, Eur. J. Med. Chem., 1991, 26, 807.

    Google Scholar 

  464. H. D. H. Showalter, A. J. Bridges, H. Zhou, A. D. Sercel, A. McMichael, and D. W. Fry, J. Med. Chem., 1999, 42, 5464.

    Google Scholar 

  465. M. Modica, M. Santagati, S. Guccione, F. Russo, A. Cagnotto, M. Goegan, and T. Mernnini, Eur. J. Med. Chem., 2000, 35, 1065.

    Google Scholar 

  466. Y.-L. Wu, M. Yoshida, H. Emoto, H. Ishii, K. Koga, and M. Tanaka, Jpn. J. Pharmacol., 2000, 83, 31; Chem. Abstr., 2000, 133, 99471.

    Google Scholar 

  467. W. A. Carroll, K. B. Sippy, T. A. Esbenshade, S. A. Buckner, A. A. Hancock, and M. D. Meyer, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 2001, 11, 1119; Chem. Abstr., 2001, 135, 137465.

    Google Scholar 

  468. S. Sasaki, N. Cho, Y. Nara, M. Harada, S. Endo, N. Suzuki, Sh. Furuya, and M. Fujino, J. Med. Chem., 2003, 46, 113.

    Google Scholar 

  469. K. M. Youssef, Al-Azhar Bull. Sci., 1999, 10, 89; Chem. Abstr., 2002, 136, 102344.

    Google Scholar 

  470. V. D. Patil, D. S. Vise, L. L. Worting, R. C. Bloomer, and L. B. Townsed, J. Med. Chem., 1985, 28, 423.

    Google Scholar 

  471. US Pat. 6133271; Chem. Abstr., 2000, 133, 296444.

  472. PCT Int. Appl. WO 0183489; Chem. Abstr., 2001, 135, 357940.

    Google Scholar 

  473. PCT Int. Appl. WO 0183456; Chem. Abstr., 2001, 135, 344500.

    Google Scholar 

  474. PCT Int. Appl. WO 2002051849; Chem. Abstr., 2002, 137, 63255.

    Google Scholar 

  475. PCT Int. Appl. WO 2003000194; Chem. Abstr., 2003, 138, 7362.

  476. O. M. Nassan, A. Y. Hassan, H. I. Heiba, and M. M. Ghorb, Al-Azhar Bull. Sci., 1997, 8, 435; Chem. Abstr., 1999, 130, 110174.

    Google Scholar 

  477. J. I. Heiba, M. M. Ghorab, N. E. Amin, and L. Ramadan, Egypt. J. Biotechnol., 1998, 4, 16; Chem. Abstr., 2000, 132, 49937.

    Google Scholar 

  478. PCT Int. Appl. WO 0012514; Chem. Abstr., 2000, 132, 194389.

    Google Scholar 

  479. PCT Int. Appl. WO 2003008422; Chem. Abstr., 2002, 138, 122656.

    Google Scholar 

  480. 480. PCT Int. Appl. WO 2003011868; Chem. Abstr., 2003, 138, 153549.

  481. Ger. (East) Pat. 293824; Chem. Abstr., 1992, 117, 48589.

  482. Intern. Pat. 8908113; Chem. Abstr., 1990, 112, 98553.

  483. Ger. Offen. DE 19900545; Chem. Abstr., 2000, 133, 89541.

  484. PCT Int. Appl. WO 2002002569; Chem. Abstr., 2002, 136, 85831.

    Google Scholar 

  485. Ger. Pat. 1937459; Chem. Abstr., 1970, 72, 100743.

  486. A. Rosowsky, M. Chaykovsky, K. K. N. Chen, M. Lin, and E. J. Modest, J. Med. Chem., 1973, 16, 185.

    Google Scholar 

  487. M. Chaykovsky, M. Lin, A. Rosowsky, and E. J. Modest, J. Med. Chem., 1973, 16, 188.

    Google Scholar 

  488. A. Rosowsky, K. N. N. Chen, and M. Lin, J. Med. Chem., 1973, 16, 191.

    Google Scholar 

  489. PCT Int. Appl. WO 0178780; Chem. Abstr., 2001, 135, 313627.

    Google Scholar 

  490. JP Pat. 77687; Chem. Abstr., 1982, 97, 163007.

  491. Eur. Pat. 82023; Chem. Abstr., 1983, 99, 158453.

  492. Ger. Pat. 226893; Chem. Abstr., 1986, 104, 186437.

  493. US Pat. 725599; Chem. Abstr., 1989, 110, 231654.

  494. PCT Int. Appl. WO 2002054598; Chem. Abstr., 2002, 137, 185504.

    Google Scholar 

  495. PCT Int. Appl. WO 2002094249; Chem. Abstr., 2002, 137, 380039.

    Google Scholar 

  496. L. Wang, J. Reng, B. Liu, J. Li, and J. Yuan, Zhongguo Yoake Daxue Xuebao, 1998, 29, 331; Chem. Abstr., 1999, 130, 139309.

    Google Scholar 

  497. Belg. Pat. 649347; Chem. Abstr., 1966, 64, 8203.

  498. US Pat. 3318881; Chem. Abstr., 1968, 68, 2912.

  499. Ger. Pat. 1940572; Chem. Abstr., 1971, 74, 125725.

  500. Ger. Pat. 2210503; Chem. Abstr., 1972, 77, 164752.

  501. Ger. Pat. 2003714; Chem. Abstr., 1971, 75, 110329.

  502. Ger. Pat. 2149249; Chem. Abstr., 1972, 77, 48506.

  503. Ger. Pat. 2200764; Chem. Abstr., 1973, 79, 92270.

  504. Ger. Pat. 2310016; Chem. Abstr., 1973, 79, 137191.

  505. Ger. Pat. 2323149; Chem. Abstr., 1974, 80, 708215.

  506. JP Pat. 7411895; Chem. Abstr., 1974, 80, 108567.

  507. JP Pat. 7413198; Chem. Abstr., 1974, 80, 108565.

  508. USSR Inventor's Certificate No. 745160 CCCP; Chem. Abstr., 1983, 99, 82509.

    Google Scholar 

  509. Eur. Pat. 253507; Chem. Abstr., 1988, 109, 6318.

  510. Aust. Pat. 584989; Chem. Abstr., 1990, 112, 20851.

  511. Eur. Pat. 370704; Chem. Abstr., 1990, 113, 212005.

  512. PCT Int. Appl. WO 9824791; Chem. Abstr., 1998, 129, 67797.

  513. PCT Int. Appl. WO 9851311; Chem. Abstr., 1999, 130, 25077.

    Google Scholar 

  514. PCT Int. Appl. WO 9854190; Chem. Abstr., 1999, 130, 38396.

    Google Scholar 

  515. Ger. Offen. DE 19943815; Chem. Abstr., 2001, 134, 242642.a

  516. Ger. Offen. DE 10107261; Chem. Abstr., 2002, 137, 206584.

  517. Intern. Pat. 9707119; Chem. Abstr., 1997, 126, 238392.

  518. Intern. Pat. 9806722; Chem. Abstr., 1998, 128, 192662.

  519. Intern. Pat. 9817668; Chem. Abstr., 1998, 128, 321652.

  520. Intern. Pat. 9824791; Chem. Abstr., 1998, 129, 67797.

  521. Intern. Pat. 985311; Chem. Abstr., 1999, 130, 25077.

  522. Intern. Pat. 9854190; Chem. Abstr., 1999, 130, 38396.

  523. US Pat. 5679683; Chem. Abstr., 1997, 127, 358871.

  524. T. Sakamoto, Y. Kondo, R. Watanabe, and H. Yamabaka, Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1986, 34, 2719.

    Google Scholar 

  525. M. G. Assy and H. Y. Moustafa, Pol. J. Chem., 1997, 71, 1232.

    Google Scholar 

  526. M. J. Kulshreshatha, S. Bhatt, M. Pardasani, and N. M. Khanna, J. Indian Chem. Soc., 1981, 58, 982.

    Google Scholar 

  527. J. J. Marr, R. L. Berens, N. K. Cohn, D. J. Nelson, and R. S. Klein, Antimicrob. Agents. Chemother., 1984, 25, 292.

    Google Scholar 

  528. S. W. Lafon, D. J. Nelson, R. L. Berens, and J. J. Mar, J. Biol. Chem., 1985, 260, 9660.

    Google Scholar 

  529. K. V. B. Rao and W. Y. Ren, Nucleosides Nucleotides, 1986, 5, 539.

    Google Scholar 

  530. J. D. Stoeckler, J. B. Ryden, R. E. Parks, M. Y. Chen, M. I. Lim, W. Y. Ren, and R. S. Klein, Cancer Res., 1986, 46, 1774.

    Google Scholar 

  531. M. H. El-Kouni and S. Cha, Biochem. Pharmacol., 1987, 36, 1089.

    Google Scholar 

  532. M. S. Malamas and J. Millan, J. Med. Chem., 1991, 34, 1492.

    Google Scholar 

  533. S. A. Patil, B. A. Otter, and R. S. Klein, J. Heterocycl. Chem., 1993, 30, 509.

    Google Scholar 

  534. M. A. Raslan, S. M. Sayed, M. A. Khalil, and A. M. Farag, Heteroatom. Chem., 2000, 11, 94; Chem. Abstr., 2000, 132, 321814.

    Google Scholar 

  535. H. A. Hosmi, W. M. Basyouni, and H. A. El-Nahas, J. Chem. Res., Synop., 1999, 646; Chem. Abstr., 2000, 132, 107928.

  536. H. M. Hosmi, Egypt. J. Chem., 1999, 42, 469; Chem. Abstr., 2000, 132, 151768.

    Google Scholar 

  537. JP Pat. 8389; Chem. Abstr., 1981, 95, 81010.

  538. JP Pat. 53681; Chem. Abstr., 1981, 95, 115522.

  539. Ger. Pat. 293824; Chem. Abstr., 1992, 117, 48589.

  540. Eur. Pat. 452002; Chem. Abstr., 1992, 116, 21069.

  541. Ger. Pat. 2465090; Chem. Abstr., 1977, 87, 128906.

  542. S. Afr. Pat. 8000822; Chem. Abstr., 1981, 95, 169206.

  543. PCT Int. Appl. WO 0027200; Chem. Abstr., 2000, 132, 330856.

    Google Scholar 

  544. PCT Int. Appl. WO 0031082; Chem. Abstr., 2000, 133, 17471.

  545. Eur. Pat. 195346; Chem. Abstr., 1987, 106, 50241.

  546. Eur. Pat. 356158; Chem. Abstr., 1990, 113, 59210.

  547. Eur. Pat. 103114; Chem. Abstr., 1984, 101, 23494.

  548. A. Z. Sayed, Adv. Colour Sci. Technol., 2002, 5, 24; Chem. Abstr., 2002, 137, 141818.

    Google Scholar 

  549. JP Pat. 305630; Chem. Abstr., 1993, 119, 37226.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Litvinov, V.P. Thienopyrimidines: synthesis, properties, and biological activity. Russian Chemical Bulletin 53, 487–516 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:RUCB.0000035630.75564.2b

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:RUCB.0000035630.75564.2b

Navigation