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ZmEBE genes show a novel, continuous expression pattern in the central cell before fertilization and in specific domains of the resulting endosperm after fertilization

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Abstract

Two novel maize genes expressed specifically in the central cell of the female gametophyte and in two compartments of the endosperm (the basal endosperm transfer layer and the embryo surrounding region) were characterized. The ZmEBE (embryo sac/basal endosperm transfer layer/embryo surrounding region) genes were isolated by a differential display between the upper and the lower half of the kernel at 7 days after pollination (DAP). Sequence analysis revealed ORFs coding for two closely related proteins of 304 amino acids (ZmEBE-1) and 286 amino acids (ZmEBE-2). This size difference was due to differences in the splicing of the two genes. Both protein sequences showed significant similarity to the DUF239 family of Arabidopsis, a group of 22 proteins of unknown function, a small number of which are putative peptidases. ZmEBE genes had a novel cell type-specific expression pattern in the central cell before and the resulting endosperm after fertilization. RT-PCR analysis showed that the expression of both genes started before pollination in the central cell and continued in the kernel up to 20 DAP with a peak at 7 DAP. In situ hybridization revealed that the expression in the kernel was restricted to the basal transfer cell layer and the embryo surrounding region of the endosperm. The expression of ZmEBE-1 was at least 10 times lower than that of ZmEBE-2. Similarly to other genes expressed in the endosperm, ZmEBE-1 expression was subject to a parent-of-origin effect, while no such effect was detected in ZmEBE-2. Sequence analysis of upstream regions revealed a potential cis element of 33 bp repeated 7 times in ZmEBE-1 and ZmEBE-2 between positions −900 and −100. The 1.6 kb ZmEBE-2 upstream sequence containing the seven R7 elements was able to confer expression in the basal endosperm to a Gus reporter gene. These data indicate that ZmEBE is potentially involved in the early development of specialized domains of the endosperm and that this process is possibly already initiated in the central cell, which is at the origin of the endosperm.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. RDP, UMR 5667 INRA-CNRS-ENSL-UCBL, ENS-Lyon, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69364, Lyon Cedex 07, France

    Jean-Louis Magnard, Gaëlle Lehouque, Agnès Massonneau, Nathalie Frangne, Thierry Heckel, Christian Dumas & Peter M. Rogowsky

  2. Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RB, UK

    José F. Gutierrez-Marcos

  3. Biogemma, Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Campus Universitaire des Cézeaux, 24 avenue des Landais, 63177, Aubière, France

    Pascual Perez

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  1. Jean-Louis Magnard
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  2. Gaëlle Lehouque
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  3. Agnès Massonneau
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  4. Nathalie Frangne
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  9. Peter M. Rogowsky
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Correspondence to Peter M. Rogowsky.

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Magnard, JL., Lehouque, G., Massonneau, A. et al. ZmEBE genes show a novel, continuous expression pattern in the central cell before fertilization and in specific domains of the resulting endosperm after fertilization. Plant Mol Biol 53, 821–836 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:PLAN.0000023672.37089.00

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