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Marker-assisted selection for the wide-spectrum resistance to root-knot nematodes conferred by the Ma gene from Myrobalan plum (Prunus cerasifera) in interspecific Prunus material

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Abstract

Prunus species express a more or less wide spectrum of resistance to root-knot nematodes (RKN) of the genus Meloidogyne. Among them, sources from Myrobalan plum (P. cerasifera) control all major and minor RKN species tested. In this outbreeding species, the clones P.2175 and P.2980 are heterozygous for the Ma single dominant gene and carry the alleles Ma1 and Ma3, respectively. Each allele confers a high-level resistance to the predominant RKN, M. arenaria, M. incognita and M. javanica and to the Florida isolate of an unknown Meloidogyne sp. which overcomes the resistance from peach and almond sources. The polymorphism of two coupling-phase SCAR markers tightly linked to Ma, SCAL19690 and SCAFLP2202, was evaluated within diverse diploid Prunus accessions. This material belongs to the subgenera Prunophora (Myrobalan and apricot) or Amygdalus (peach, almond and almond-peach) and includes the RKN resistance sources ‘Nemared’, ‘Alnem 1’ and ‘GF.557’. The alleles SCAL19690 and SCAFLP2202 were not present in three apricot cultivars (‘Moniqui’, ‘Luizet’ and ‘Stark Early Orange’) representative of the genetic diversity of this species and they segregated in an interspecific cross between P.2980 and apricot. These results suggest that apricot, reported as resistant to M. arenaria, M. incognita and M. javanica, and the Myrobalan plum might possess two different resistance systems. SCAL19690 and SCAFLP2202 were also absent from all tested Amygdalus material, whatever its resistance to RKN. Eight Myrobalan×Amygdalus segregating progenies including bispecific (P.2175 or P.2980×peach or almond) and trispecific (P.2175 or P.2980×almond-peach) hybrids were tested with the Florida isolate to identify individuals carrying the Ma resistance alleles. Both SCARs were then evaluated for segregation in these progenies to develop marker-assisted selection of Prunus interspecific rootstocks. SCAL19690 and SCAFLP2202 could be clearly detected and their tight linkage to Ma1 and Ma3 was confirmed. Consequently these SCARs appear to be powerful tools to screen for RKN resistance conferred by the Ma gene. They should also facilitate marker-assisted pyramiding of Ma with other resistance genes from the Amygdalus subgenus or from the botanically-related Armeniaca section.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Unité ‘Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes et Santé Végétale’ (IPMSV), Equipe de Nématologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), B.P. 2078, 06606, Antibes Cedex, France

    Anne-Claire Lecouls, Véronique Bergougnoux, Maria-Jose Rubio-Cabetas, Nathalie Bosselut, Roger Voisin & Daniel Esmenjaud

  2. Unité de Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes (UGAFL), INRA, BP. 94, 84143, Montfavet Cedex, France

    Jean-Luc Poessel & Mireille Faurobert

  3. Unité de Recherche sur les Espèces Fruitières et la Vigne (UREFV), INRA, B.P. 81, 33883, Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, France

    Abel Bonnet, Georges Salesses & Elisabeth Dirlewanger

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  1. Anne-Claire Lecouls
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  2. Véronique Bergougnoux
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  3. Maria-Jose Rubio-Cabetas
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  4. Nathalie Bosselut
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  5. Roger Voisin
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  6. Jean-Luc Poessel
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  7. Mireille Faurobert
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  8. Abel Bonnet
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  9. Georges Salesses
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  10. Elisabeth Dirlewanger
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  11. Daniel Esmenjaud
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Correspondence to Daniel Esmenjaud.

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Lecouls, AC., Bergougnoux, V., Rubio-Cabetas, MJ. et al. Marker-assisted selection for the wide-spectrum resistance to root-knot nematodes conferred by the Ma gene from Myrobalan plum (Prunus cerasifera) in interspecific Prunus material. Molecular Breeding 13, 113–124 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:MOLB.0000018758.56413.cf

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