Abstract
Elaboration of the conditional reflex reaction of passive avoidance was studied in the 42–46-day old offsprings of two groups of female rats: intact (control) and exposed to action of hypoxia at the 13th, 16th or 19th day of pregnancy. The parameter of learning was the time of stay of the rats in a dark camera, in which they obtained an electroshock. It is shown that the prenatal hypoxia has different effect on the ability to elaborate the conditional reflex reaction of passive avoidance in female and male rats. By this parameter, no differences were revealed in the male group between the control and the animals exposed to hypoxia at different terms of intrauterine development. In female exposed to hypoxia at the 19th day of gestation, it was not possible to elaborate the conditional reflex reaction of passive avoidance. In females exposed to hypoxia at the 13th day of gestation the parameters of learning were lower, whereas in the females exposed to hypoxia at the 16th gestation day they were higher than in control animals.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Kassil, V.G., Otellin, V.A., Khozhai, L.I., and Kostkin, V.B., Critical Periods of Brain Development, Sechenov Ross. Fiziol. Zh., 2000, vol. 86, pp. 1418–1425.
Zhuravin, I.A., Tumanova, N.L., and Potapov, D.O., Structural Changes in the Sensory-Motor Brain Cortex in Early Postnatal Ontogenesis of Rats Exposed to Prenatal Hypoxia, Zh. Evol. Biokhim. Fiziol., 2001, vol. 37, pp. 518–530.
Rayer, C., Lachuer, J., Crouzoulon, G., Roux, J.-C., Peyronnet, J., Pequignot, J.-M., and Dalmaz, Y., Effects of Gestational Hypoxia on mRNA Levels of Glut3 and Glut4 transporters, Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1 and Thyroid Hormone Receptors in Developing Rat Brain, Brain Res., 2000, vol. 856, pp. 119–128.
Rode, V., Okava, T., Schtahl, F., and Götz, F., Changes of the Neuroendocrine System in Rat Fetuses at Acute Stress at the End of Pregnancy, Ontogeneticheskie i genetiko-evolyutsionnye aspekty neiroendokrinnoi regulyatsii stressa (Ontogenetic and Genetic-Evolutional Aspects of the Neuroendocrine Regulation of Stress), Novosibirsk, 1990, pp. 28–40.
Cai, Z., Sigrest, T., Hersey, K., and Rhodes, P.G., Intrauterine Hypoxia-Ischemia Increases NMDAInduced cGMP Formation and Glutamate Accumulation in Cultured Rat Cerebellar Granule Cells, Pediatr. Res., 1995, vol. 38, pp. 1–6.
Cai, Z., Xiao, F., and Lee, B., Prenatal Hypoxia-Ischemia Alters Expression and Activity of Nitric Oxide Synthase in the Young Rat Brain and Causes Learning Deficits, Brain Res., 1999, vol. 49, pp. 359–365.
Otellin, V.A., Tissue Mechanisms of Brain Perinatal Development, Institut eksperimentalínoi meditsiny na rubezhe tysyacheletii. Dostizheniya v oblasti eksperimentalínoi biologii i meditsiny (Institute of Experimental Medicine at the Frontier of Millennium. Advances in the Field of Biology and Medicine), St. Petersburg, 2000, pp. 102–114.
Vataeva, L.A., Otellin, V.A., Kassil, V.G., Kostkin, V.B., Korzhevskii, D.E., Khozhai, L.I., and Gonchar, V.S., Hypoxia in Early Postnatal Ontogenesis in Rat: Brain Development and Formation of Behavior, Dokl. Akad. Nauk, 1998, vol. 363, pp. 409–411.
Vataeva, L.A., Kostkin, V.B., Makukhina, G.V., Khozhai, L.I., and Otellin, V.A., Behavior in the ìOpen Fieldî in Female and Male Rats Exposed to Hypoxia at Different Terms of Prenatal Development. Dokl. Akad. Nauk, 2001, vol. 380, pp. 1–3.
Buresh, Ya., Bureshova, O., and Huston, D.P., tiMetodiki i osnovnye eksperimenty po izucheniyu mozga i povedeniya (Methods and the Main Experiments for Study of the Brain and Behavior), Moscow, 1991.
Goodlett, C.R., Kelly S.J., and West, J.R., Early Postnatal Alcohol Exposure that Produces High Blood Alcohol Level Impairs Development of Spatial Navigation Learning, Psychobiol., 1987, vol. 15, pp. 64–74.
Goodlett, C.R., Bonthius, D.J., Wasserman, E.A., and West, J.R., An Animal Model of Central Nervous System Dysfunction Associated with Fetal Alcohol Exposure: Behavioral and Neuroanatomical Correlates, Learning and Memory, Gormezano, I. and Wasserman, E.A., Eds., Engelwood, 1992, pp. 183–208.
Barron, S. and Riley, E.P., Passive Avoidance Performance Following Neonatal Alcohol Exposure, Neurotoxicol. Teratol., 1990, vol. 12, pp. 135–138.
Zimmerberg, B., Sukel, H.L., and Stekler, J.D., Spatial Learning of Adult Rats with Fetal Alcohol Exposure: Deficits Are Sex-Dependent, Behav. Brain Res., 1991, vol. 42, pp. 49–56.
Hermans, R.H.M., Hunter, D.T., and McGivern, R.F., Behavioral Sequelae in Young Rats of Acute Intermittent Antenatal Hypoxia, Neurotoxicol. Teratol., 1992, vol. 14, pp. 119–129.
Ward, I.L., Prenatal Stress Feminizes and Demasculinizes the Behavior of Males, Science, 1972, vol. 175, pp. 82–84.
Lund, T.D., Salyer, D.L., Fleming, D.E. and Lephart, E.D., Pre-or Postnatal Testosterone and Flutamide Effects on Sexually Dimorphic Nuclei of the Rat Hypothalamus, Develop. Brain Res., 2000, vol. 120, pp. 261–262.
Reznikov, A.G., Perinatal Stress and Hormonal-Transmitter Imprinting of the Neuroendocrine System of Reproduction, Ontogeneticheskie i genetikoevolyutsionnye aspekty neiroendokrinnoi regulyatsii stressa (Ontogenetic and Genetic-Evolutional Aspects of the Neuroendocrine Regulation of Stress), Novosibirsk, 1990, pp. 77–87.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Vataeva, L.A., Kostkin, V.B., Makukhina, G.V. et al. Conditional Reflex Reaction of the Passive Avoidance in Female and Male Rats Exposed to Hypoxia at Different Terms of Prenatal Development. Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology 40, 307–311 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JOEY.0000042635.88120.f4
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JOEY.0000042635.88120.f4