Abstract
We show that the Dirac equation is separable in the circularly symmetric metric in three dimensions and when the background spacetime is de Sitter we find exact solutions to the radial equations. Using these results we show that the de Sitter horizon has a cross section equal to zero for the massless Dirac field, as in the case of the scalar field. Also, using the improved brick wall model we calculate the fermionic entropy associated with the de Sitter horizon and we compare it with some results previously published.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Birrell, N. D. and Davies, P. C. W. (1982). Quantum Fields in Curved Space, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Guth, A. H. (1981). Phys. Rev. D 23, 347; Linde, A. D. (1982). Phys. Lett. B 108, 389; Albrecht, A. and Steinhardt, P. J. (1982). Phys. Rev. Lett. 48, 1220; Linde, A. (1990). Particle Physics and Inflationary Cosmology, Harwood Academic Publishers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Strominger, A. (2001). JHEP 10, 034(hep-th/0106113);Klemm, D. (2002). Nucl. Phys. B 625, 295(hep-th/0106247).
Bousso, R., Maloney, A., and Strominger, A. (2002). Phys. Rev. D 65, 104039(hep-th/0112218).
Riess, A. G., et al. [Supernova Team Collaboration]. (1998). Astron. J. 116, 1009(astro-ph/9805201); Perlmutter, S., et al. [Supernova Cosmology Project Collaboration]. (1999). Astrophys. J. 517, 565(astro-ph/9812133).
Myung, Y. S. and Lee, H. W. (2003). Class. Quant. Grav. 20, 3533(hep-th/0302148);Myung, Y. S. and Lee, H. W. (2003). (hep-th/0304231).
Park, M. I. (1998). Phys. Lett. B 440, 275 (hep-th/9806119); Bañados, M., Brotz, T., and Ortiz, M. (1999). Phys. Rev. D 59, 046002 (hep-th/9807216); Lin, F. L. and Wu, Y. S. (1999). Phys. Lett. B 453, 222 (hep-th/9901147); Hawking, S. W., Maldacena, J., and Strominger, A. (2001). JHEP 05, 01 (hep-th/0002145).
Maldacena, J. and Strominger, A. (1998). JHEP 02, 014(gr-qc/9801096).
Kim, W. T. (1999). Phys. Rev. D 59, 047503(hep-th/9810169).
't Hooft, G. (1985). Nucl. Phys. B 256, 727.
Jing, J. (2000). Int. J. Theor. Phys. 39, 1687;Cognola, G. and Lecca, P. (1997). Phys. Rev. D 57, 1108(hep-th/9706065); Zhong-heng, L. (2000). Phys. Rev. D 62, 024001; Shen, Y. G. (2000). Phys. Lett. A 266, 234; Shen, Y. G. (2000). Gen. Rel. Grav. 32, 1647; Shen, Y. G. and Chen, D. M. (2000). Gen. Rel. Grav. 32, 2269; Gao, C. J. and Shen, Y. G. (2002). Phys. Rev. D 65, 084043; Wei, Y. H., Wang, Y., and Zhao, Z. (2002). Phys. Rev. D 65, 124023.
Lee, M. H. and Kim, J. K. (1996). Phys. Lett. A 212, 323; Lee, M. H. and Kim, J. K. (1996). Phys. Rev. D 54, 3904; Ho, J., Kim, W. T., Park, Y. J., and Shin, H. (1997). Class. Quant. Grav. 14, 2617; Jing, J. and Yan, M. L. (2000). Phys. Rev. D 61, 044016; Jing, J. and Yan, M. L. (1999). Phys. Rev. D 60, 084015; Wenbiao, L. and Zheng, Z. (2000). Phys. Rev. D 61, 063003; Jing, J. and Yan, M. L. (2001). Phys. Rev. D 63, 084028; Jing, J. and Yan, M. L. (2001). Phys. Rev. D 64, 064015; López-Ortega, A. (2003). Gen. Rel. Grav. 35, 59; Wu, S. Q. and Yan, M. L. (2003). (gr-qc/0303076).
Liu, W. and Zhao, Z. (2001). Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 16, 3793; Ren, Z., Junfang, Z., and Lichun, Z. (2001). Mod. Phys. Lett. A 11, 719; Xiang, L. and Zheng, Z. (2001). Int. J. Theor. Phys. 40, 903.
Newman, E. and Penrose, R. (1962). J. Math. Phys. 3, 556.
Spradlin, M., Strominger, A., and Volovich, A. (2001). (hep-th/0110007).
Kim, Y., Oh, C. Y., and Park, N. (2003). J. Korean Phys. Soc. 42, 573(hep-th/0212326).
Gibbons, G. W. and Hawking, S. W. (1977). Phys. Rev. D 15, 2738.
Wald, R. M. (2001). Living Rev. Rel. 4, 6(http://www.livingreviews.org/lrr-2001-6).
Nakahara M. (1990). Geometry, Topology and Physics, IOP Publishing, Bristol, United Kingdom.
Chandrasekhar, S. (1983). The Mathematical Theory of Black Holes, Oxford University Press, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Suzuki, H. and Takasugi, E. (1996). Mod. Phys. Lett. A 11, 431.
Abramowitz, M. and Stegun, I. A. (1965). Handbook of Mathematical Functions, Dover Publications, New York; Wang, Z. X. and Guo, D. R. (1989). Special Functions, World Scientific, Singapore.
Mottola, E. (1985). Phys. Rev. D 31, 754; Mottola, E. (1986). Phys. Rev. D 33, 1616.
Danielsson, U. H., Domert, D., and Olsson, M. (2002). (hep-th/0210198).
Lohiya, D. and Panchapakesan, N. (1978). J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 11, 1963; Lohiya, D. and Panchapakesan, N. (1979). J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 12, 533; Khanal, U. and Panchapakesan, N. (1982). Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 138, 260.
Otchik, V. S. (1985). Class. Quant. Grav. 2, 539.
Xiang, L. and Zheng, Z. (2000). Phys. Rev. D 62, 104001; He, F., Zheng, Z., and Kim, S. W. (2001). Phys. Rev. D 64, 044025.
Ren, Z. and Lichun, Z. (2002). Int. J. Mod. Phys. D 11, 1381; Gao, C. J. and Shen, Y. G. (2002). Class. Quant. Grav. 19, 4933; Ge, X. H. and Shen, Y. G. (2003). Class. Quant. Grav. 20, 3593.
Shen, Y. G. and Gao, C. J. (2002). Gen. Rel. Grav. 34, 1035.
Thorne, K. S., Price, R. H., and Macdonald, D. A. (1986). Black Holes: The Membrane Paradigm, Yale University Press, New Haven, Connecticut.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
López-Ortega, A. Dirac Fields in 3D de Sitter Spacetime. General Relativity and Gravitation 36, 1299–1319 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:GERG.0000022389.05399.6d
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:GERG.0000022389.05399.6d