Abstract
This paper reviews experimental studies of preexplosion phenomena during shock‐wave and laser initiation of secondary high explosives (HEs). The main research results are discussed from the viewpoint of similarity and difference between the processes occurring in these methods of initiation. Approaches to developing research into the phenomena in question are proposed.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
K. K. Andreev and Yu. B. Khariton, “Some considerations on the mechanism of self-propagating reactions,” Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1, 402-404 (1934).
A. F. Belayev, “Initiation of detonation of explosives under the action of a thermal pulse,” Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 18, 267-270 (1938).
F. P. Bowden and A. D. Yoffe, Fast Reactions in Solids, Butterworth, London (1958).
J. T. Dickinson, L. C. Jensen, D. L. Doering, and R. Yee, “Mass spectroscopy study of products from exposure of cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine single crystals to KrF excimer laser radiation,” J. Appl. Phys., 67, No. 8, 3641-3651 (1990).
A. D. Zinchenko, V. I. Sdobnov, V. I. Tarzhanov, et al., “Laser effect on a porous HE without its initiation,” Fiz. Goreniya Vzryva, 27, No. 2, 97-101 (1991).
S. M. Ryabykh and V. S. Dolganov, “Criteria of excitation of explosive decomposition of silver azide by pulsed radiation,” Combust. Expl. Shock Waves, 28, No. 4, 399-402 (1992).
E. I. Aleksandrov, O. B. Sidonskii, and V. P. Tsipilev, “Effect of burnout in the neighborhood of absorbing inclusions on the process of laser ignition of a condensed medium,” Fiz. Goreniya Vzryva, 27, 3, 7-12 (1991).
B. P. Aduev, É. D. Aluker, G. M. Belokurov, and A. G. Krechetov, “Preexplosion conductivity of silver azide,” Pis'ma Zh. Éksp. Teor. Fiz., 62, No. 3, 203-204 (1995).
B. P. Aduev, É. D. Aluker, and A. G. Krechetov, “Preexplosion luminescence of silver azide,” Pis'ma Zh. Teor. Fiz., 22, No 16, 24-27 (1996).
B. P. Aduev, É. D. Aluker, G. M. Belokurov, et al., “Explosive decomposition of heavy metal azides,” Pis'ma Zh. Éksp. Teor. Fiz., 116, No. 5 (11), 1676-1693 (1999).
Yu. A. Zakharov, É. D. Aluker, B. P. Aduev, et al., Preexplosion Phenomena in Heavy Metal Azides [in Russian], Khimmash, Moscow (2002).
M. M. Kuklja, B. P. Aduev, É. D. Aluker, et al., “Electronic excitation role by explosive destruction of solid bodies,” J. Appl. Phys., 89, No. 7, 4156-4166 (2001).
K. P. Stanyukovich (ed.), Physics of Explosion [in Russian], Nauka, Moscow (1975).
V. I. Tarzhanov (ed.), Prompt Initiation of High Explosive. Special Modes of Detonation (collected scientific papers) [in Russian], Izd. RFNC-VNIITF, Snezhinsk (1998).
G. T. Afanas'ev and V. K. Bobolev, Shock Initiation of Solid Explosives [in Russian], Nauka, Moscow (1968).
V. V. Selivanov, V. S. Solov'ev, and N. N. Sysoev, Shock and Detonation Waves, Methods of Investigation [in Russian], Izd. Mosk. Univ., Moscow (1990).
F. P. Bowden and K. Singh, “Irradiation of explosives with high-speed particles and the influence of crystal size on explosion,” Proc. Roy. Soc. Ser. A., 227, 22 (1954).
J. J. Dick, R. N. Mulford, W. J. Spencer, et al., “Shock response of pentaerythritol tetranitrate single crystals,” J. Appl. Phys., 70, 3572-3587 (1991).
A. M. Karo, J. R. Hardy, and F. E. Walker, “Theoretical studies of shock-initiated detonations,” Acta Astronaut., No. 5, 1041 (1978).
F. Williams, “Electronic states of solid explosives and their probable role in detonations,” Adv. Chem. Phys., 21, 289 (1971).
A. N. Dremin, “Theory of detonation,” Khim. Fiz., 14, No. 12, 22-40 (1995).
J. J. Gilman, “Mechanochemistry,” Science, 274, 65 (1996).
M. M. Kuklja, E. V. Stefanovich, and A. B. Kunz, “An exitonic mechanism of detonation initiation in explosives,” J. Chem. Phys., 112, No. 7, 3417-3423 (2000).
F. E. Walker, “Physical kinetics,” J. Appl. Phys., 63, 5548-5554 (1988).
F. E. Walker, “Comparison of the classical and modern theories of detonation,” Khim. Fiz., 14, No. 12, 47-67 (1995).
F. E. Walker, “Support growing for a new kinetics of shock-induced processes,” in: Proc. 16th Symp. on Explosives and Pyrotechnics, Interaction Danville, Calif., April 29-May 1 (1997)
B. M. Rice, W. Mattson, J. Grosh, and S. F. Trevino, “Molecular-dynamics study of detonation. A comparison with hydrodynamic predictions,” Phys. Rev. E., 53, No. 1, 611-622 (1996).
A. V. Pozdnyakov, “Calculation of detonation velocity,” Combust. Expl. Shock Waves, 38, No. 3, 337-345 (2002).
J. Roth, “Initiation of lead azide by high-intensity light,” J. Chem. Phys., 41, No. 7, 1929-1936 (1964).
A. A. Brish, I. A. Galeev, and B. N. Zaitsev, et. al., “Shock initiation of condensed explosives by radiation from an optical quantum generator,” Combust. Expl. Shock Waves, 3, 132-133 (1966).
I. A. Galeev and B. N. Zaitsev, “On the reflectivity of HEs,” Combust. Expl. Shock Waves, 5, No. 3, 447 (1969).
A. A. Brish, I. A. Galeev, B. N. Zaitsev, et al., “On the mechanism of initiation of condensed explosives by radiation from an optical quantum generator,” Combust. Expl. Shock Waves, 5, No. 4, 475-480 (1969).
L. C. Yang and V. J. Menichelli, “Detonation of insensitive high explosives by Q-switched ruby laser,” Appl. Phys. Lett., 19, No. 11, 473 (1971).
L. C. Yang, V. J. Menichelli, and J. E. Earnest, “Laser initiation of explosive devices,” National Defense Magazine, 58, No. 322, 344 (1974).
L. C. Yang and V. J. Menichelli, “Laser initiation of insensitive high explosives,” in: D. J. Edwareds (ed.), Proc. 6 Int. Symp. on Detonation, Office of Naval Research, Arlington, VA (1976), pp. 612-621.
S. Epstein, “Laser detonator,” USA Patent, No. 3,362,329, Filed December 10, 1963.
D. J. Lewis, De Rey Marina, and F. H. Gardner, Explosive detonating device, USA Patent No. 3,528,372. Filed Sept. 8, 1967.
E. I Aleksandrov and A. G. Voznyuk, “Initiation of lead azide with laser radiation,” Combust. Expl. Shock Waves, 14, No. 4, 480-483 (1978).
R. J. Harrach, “Estimates on the ignition of high explosives by laser pulses,” J. Appl. Phys., 47, 2473-2482 (1976).
N. K. Bourn, “On the laser ignition and initiation of explosives,” Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. A., 457, 1-26 (2001).
A. A. Volkova, A. D. Zinchenko, I. V. Sanin, et al., “Time characteristics laser initiation of PETN,” Combust. Expl. Shock Waves, 13, No. 5, 645-651 (1977).
V. I. Tarzhanov, A. D. Zinchenko, V. I. Sdobnov, et al., “Laser initiation of PETN,” Combust. Expl. Shock Waves, 32, No. 4, 454-459 (1996).
V. B. Ioffe, A. V. Dolgolaptev, V. E. Aleksandrov, and A. P. Obraztsov, “Laser pulse ignition of condensed systems containing aluminum,” Combust. Expl. Shock Waves, 21, No. 3, 316-319 (1985).
V. I. Tarzhanov, A. D. Zinchenko, B. N. Smirnov, et al., “PETN Initiation by a light-induced explosion of a metal film,” Combust. Expl. Shock Waves, 32, No. 2, 214-218 (1996).
D. L. Paisley, “Laser-driven miniature flyer plates for shock initiation of secondary explosives,” in: S. C. Schmidt, R. D. Dick, J. W. Forbes, and D. G. Tasker (eds.), Shock Compression in Condensed Material, Elsevier (1991), pp. 825-828.
K. S. Shifrin, Light Scattering in a Turbid Medium [in Russian], Gostekhizdat (1951).
F. Pristera, M. Halik, A. Halik, and W. Fredericks, “Analysis of explosives using infrared spectroscopy,” Anal. Chem., 32, No. 4, 495-508 (1960).
Energetic Condensed Materials, Yanus-K, Moscow (1999).
L. Bellamy, The Infra-Red Spectra of Complex Molecules, London (1954).
Data of Deba in [3].
D. L. Paisley, “Prompt detonation of secondary explosives by laser,” in: Proc. 9 Int. Symp. on Detonation, Office of the Chief of Naval Research, Arlington, VA (1989), pp. 492-499.
Chemical Encyclopedia [in Russian], Vol. 3. Bolsh. Ross. Éntsikl. Moscow, (1992), pp. 305-306.
N. E. Ermolin and V. E. Zarko, “Mechanism and kinetics of the thermal decomposition of cyclic nitramines (review),” Combust. Expl. Shock Waves, 33, No. 3, 251-269 (1997).
V. E. Aleksandrov, A. V. Dolgolaptev, V. B. Ioffe, and B. V. Levin, “Inflammation of porous systems by monopulse laser radiation,” Combust. Expl. Shock Waves, 21, No. 1, 54-56 (1985).
A. D. Zinchenko, A. I. Pogrebov, V. I. Tarzhanov, and B. B. Tokarev, “Optical characteristics of some powdered high explosives,” Combust. Expl. Shock Waves, 28, No. 5, 524-529 (1992).
A. P. Ivanov, Optics of Scattering Media [in Russian], Nauka. Tekh., Minsk (1969).
V. N. Rodionov, V. V. Adushkin, V. N. Kostyuchenko, et al., Mechanical Effect of an Underground Explosion [in Russian], Nedra, Moscow (1971).
M. F. Foltz, “Pressure dependences of the burn rate of PETN at high pressure,” in: Proc. of Symp. on Energetic Materials, Plesanton, USA (1994).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Tarzhanov, V.I. Preexplosion Phenomena in Prompt Initiation of Secondary Explosives (Review). Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves 39, 611–618 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:CESW.0000007672.14184.08
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:CESW.0000007672.14184.08