Abstract
Catalytic methane decomposition into hydrogen and carbon nanofibers and the oxidations of carbon nanofibers with CO2, H2O and O2 were overviewed. Supported Ni catalysts (Ni/SiO2, Ni/TiO2 and Ni/carbon nanofiber) were effective for the methane decomposition. The activity and life of the supported Ni catalysts for methane decomposition strongly depended on the particle size of Ni metal on the catalysts. The modification of the catalysts with Pd enhanced the catalytic activity and life for methane decomposition. In particular, the supported Ni catalysts modified with Pd showed high turnover number of hydrogen formation at temperatures higher than 973 K with a high one-pass methane conversion (>70%). However, sooner or later, every catalyst completely lost their catalytic activities due to the carbon layer formation on active metal surfaces. In order to utilize a large quantity of the carbon nanofibers formed during methane decomposition as a chemical feedstock or a powdered fuel for heat generation, they were oxidized with CO2, H2O and O2 into CO, synthesis gas and CO2, respectively. In every case, the conversion of carbon was greater than 95%. These oxidations of carbon nanofibers recovered or enhanced the initial activities of the supported Ni catalysts for methane decomposition.
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Otsuka, K., Takenaka, S. Production of Hydrogen from Methane by a CO2 Emission-Suppressed Process: Methane Decomposition and Gasification of Carbon Nanofibers. Catalysis Surveys from Asia 8, 77–90 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:CATS.0000026989.55379.10
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:CATS.0000026989.55379.10