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Stem Cells and Prenatal Origin of Breast Cancer

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Abstract

The hypothesis that in utero exposure to pregnancy hormones, notably estrogens, is related to the occurrence of breast cancer in the offspring has been examined in a number of epidemiological and experimental studies. Many studies have provided direct or indirect evidence that supports the hypothesis of an intrauterine component in the origin of breast cancer. Human studies to examine the underlying biological mechanisms, however, have been limited. We review the likely role of stem cells in hormone-mediated carcinogenic process, particularly as intermediate steps between in utero exposure to hormones and breast cancer. We summarize also studies related to the assumptions of the hypothesis concerning in utero exposure. We propose the use of stem cell potential as a measurable variable of the ‘fertile soil’, a term that has been used to characterize the consequences of fetal exposure to intrauterine environment. We conclude by outlining a feasible population-based study that measures stem cell potential to explore mechanisms mediating the relation between in utero exposure to pregnancy hormones and breast cancer risk in the offspring.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cancer Research Center and Department of Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA

    Inkyung Baik & William J. DeVito

  2. Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA

    Inkyung Baik

  3. Division of Hematology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA

    Pamela S. Becker

  4. Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece

    Pagona Lagiou

  5. Division of Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

    Karen Ballen

  6. Department of Research, Roger Williams Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA

    Peter J. Quesenberry

  7. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA

    Chung-Cheng Hsieh

  8. Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden

    Chung-Cheng Hsieh

  9. Department of Cancer Biology, Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation Street, LRB #427, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA

    Chung-Cheng Hsieh

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  1. Inkyung Baik
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Baik, I., Becker, P.S., DeVito, W.J. et al. Stem Cells and Prenatal Origin of Breast Cancer. Cancer Causes Control 15, 517–530 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:CACO.0000036450.06092.ce

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