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Modeling Intrinsic Bioremediation for Interpret Observable Biogeochemical Footprints of BTEX Biodegradation: The Need for Fermentation and Abiotic Chemical Processes

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Abstract

The intrinsic bioremediation of BTEX must be documentedby the stoichiometric consumption and production ofseveral other compounds, called `footprints' of the biodegradation reaction. Although footprints of BTEXbiodegradation are easy to identify from reactionstoichiometry, they can be confounded by the stepwise nature of the biodegradation reactions and by several abiotic chemicalreactions that also produce or consume the footprints. In order to track the footprintsfor BTEX biodegradation, the following reactions need tobe considered explicitly: (1) fermentation and methanogenesis as separate processes, (2) precipitation and dissolution ofcalcite, (3) precipitation and dissolution of amorphous ironmonosulfide (FeS), (4) conversion of FeS into the thermodynamically stable pyrite (FeS2) with loss ofsulfide and abiotic formation of H2, and (5) reductivedissolution of solid iron(III) by oxidation of sulfide. We critically review the research that underlies why these mechanismsmust be included and how to describe them quantitatively.A companion manuscript develops and applies a mathematical model that includes these reactions.

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  1. Max Maurer
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Maurer, M., Rittmann, B.E. Modeling Intrinsic Bioremediation for Interpret Observable Biogeochemical Footprints of BTEX Biodegradation: The Need for Fermentation and Abiotic Chemical Processes. Biodegradation 15, 405–417 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:BIOD.0000044590.23221.b1

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