Abstract
Conduct Disorder (CD) in children and adolescents has the potential to affect every aspect of the individual's functioning including their community, family, and educational environments. Young people who with CD need to be well understood in terms of the factors that make up their diagnosis so that those who work with them will be better equipped. The contributing factors related to Conduct Disorder in children comprise a compounding set of experiences that can have life long implications for the young person's ability to function as a healthy and positively socialized member of society. This paper provides the reader with an overview of the contributing factors and a discussion of conduct disorder in children and adolescents.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abrams, M. S. (1999). Intergenerational transmission of trauma: Recent contributions from the literature of family systems approaches to treatment. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 53, (2), 225-231.
Ben-Amos, B. (1992). Depression and conduct disorders: A review of the literature. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 56 (2), 188-208.
Berk, L. E. (1999). Infants, children, and adolescents (3rd ed.). Boston, MA: Allyn Bacon.
Biederman, J., Faraone, S. V., Milberger, S., Jetton, J. G.,Chen, L., Mick. E., Green, R. W. & Russell, R. L. (1996). Is childhood oppositional defiant disorder a precursor to adolescent conduct disorder? Findings from a four-year follow-up study of children with ADHD. American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 35, (9), 1193-1204.
Byrne, J. & Carr, A. (1995). Psychosocial profiles of Irish children with conduct disorder, mixed disorders of conduct and emotion and emotional disorders. The Irish Journal of Psychology, 16, (2), 117-132.
Cadoret, R. J., Yates, W. R., Troughton, E., Woodworth, G., & Stewart, M. A. (1995). Genetic-environmental interaction in the genesis of aggressivity and conduct disorders. Archives of General Psychiatry. 52, 916-924.
Conley, J. (1994). Conduct disorders. In B. Schonen Johnson (Ed.), Child and adolescent family and psychiatric nursing (pp.221-231). Philadelphia: Lippincott.
Constantino, J. N. (1992). On the prevention of conduct disorder: A rationale for initiating preventive efforts in infancy. Journal of Infants and Young Children, 5 (2), 29-41.
DeKlyen, M., Speltz, M. L., & Greenberg, M, T. (1998). Fathering and early onset conduct problems: Positive and negative parenting, father-son attachment, and the marital context. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review 1, (1), 3-21.
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.
Fidler, S. (1989). Violent deaths amongst first nations people in Saskatchewan. Unpublished master's thesis, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan Indian Federated College, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan.
Galvin, M., Eyck, R. T., Shekhar, A., Stilwell, B., Fineberg, N., Laite, G., & Karwisch, G. (1994). Serum dopamine beta hydroxylase and maltreatment in psychiatrically hospitalized boys. Child abuse and neglect. 19 (7), 821-832.
Green, R. W. (2001). The explosive child. (2nd Ed.). New York: Harper Collins.
Grossman, S., & Valiga, T. M. (2000). Chaos and disequilibrium. Invigorating, challenging, and growth-producing. In The New Leadership Challenge. Creating the Future of Nursing (pp. 135-157). Philadelphia, PA: F. A. Davis Company.
Harter, S. (1990). Self and identity development. In S. Shirley Feldman & Glen R. Elliot (Eds.), At the threshold: The developing adolescent (pp.352-595). London, England: Harvard University Press.
Holcomb, W. R., & Kashani, J. H. (1991). Personality characteristics of a community sample of adolescents with conduct disorder. Adolescence, 26, (103), 579-586.
Johnson, P. L., & O'Leary (1987). Parental behavior patterns and conduct disorder in girls. Journal or abnormal child psychology, 15 (4), 573-581.
Kazdin, A. E., (1987). Conduct disorder in childhood and adolescents. New Bury Park, California: Sage Publications.
Kazdin, A. E. & Crowley, M. J. (1997). Moderators of treatment outcome in cognitively based treatment of antisocial children. Cognitive therapy and research, 21, (2), 185-207.
Matthys, W., Walterbos, W., Van Engeland, H., & Koops, W. (1995). Conduct-disordered boys' perceptions of their liked peers. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 19(3), 357-372.
McMillen, C. J., & Rideout, G. B. (1996). Breaking intergenerational cycles: Theoretical tools for social workers. Social Services Review, 70 (3) 379-399.
Nathanielsz, P. (2001) The prenatal prescription. New York: Harper Collins.
Offord, D. R., & Bennett, K. J. (1994). Conduct disorder: Long-term outcomes and intervention effectiveness. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 33 (8), 1069-1078.
Oosterlaan, J., Logan, G. D., & Sergeant, J. A. (1998). Response inhibition in AD/HD,CD, comorbid AD/HD+CD, anxious, and control children: Ameta-analysis of studies with the stop task. Journal of child psychology and psychiatry. 39 (3), 411-425.
Phelps, L, & McClintock, K. (1994). Papa and peers: A Biosocial approach to conduct disorder. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment 16, (1), 53-67.
Rodney, E. H., Mupier, R, (1997). Alcohol abuse and conduct disorder among African-American male adolescent coas and noncoas. Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse, 7 (2), 37-51.
Schonfeld, I. S., Shaffer, D., O'Connor, P., & Portnoy, S. (1988). Conduct disorder and cognitive functioning: Testing three causal hypotheses. Child Development, 59, 993-1007.
Shamsie, J. (1990). Youth with conduct disorder. Etobicoke, ON: Institute for the study of Antisocial and Violent behavior in Youth.
Steiner, H. (1997). Practice parameter for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with conduct disorder. American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 36, (Suppl.10), 122-139.
Videbeck, S. L. (2001). Psychiatric mental health nursing. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott.
Webster-Stratton, C., (1996). Early-onset conduct problems: Does gender make a difference? Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 64 (3), 540-551.
Werry, J. S. (1997). Severe conduct disorder. Some key issues. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 42, 577-583.
Whitmore, E, A., & Mikulich, S, A., & Thompson, L, L., Riggs, P, D., & Aarons, G, A., & Crowley, T, J. (1997). Influences on adolescent substance dependence: conduct disorder, depression, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and gender. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 47, 87-97.
Wicks-Nelson, R., & Israel, A. D. (1997). Behavior disorders of childhood (3rd ed.). New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Wright, L. M., & Leahey, M. Nurses and families, A quide to family assessment and intervention (3rd ed.). Philadelphia, PA: F. A. Davis Company.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Mack, K. Explanations for Conduct Disorder. Child & Youth Care Forum 33, 95–113 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:CCAR.0000019633.87610.4c
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:CCAR.0000019633.87610.4c