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Neuronal glycolytic pathway impairment induced by HIV envenlope glyocprotein gp120

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Abstract

Neurological impairment is a common feature of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS); functional alterations have been reported both in central and peripheral nervous system and the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) envelope glycoprotein gp120 has been proposed as a neurotoxin acting through a calcium-dependent mechanism. On the other hand it has been reported that gp120 treatment also induce about a 20% decrease in the cerebral glucose utilization and in the cellular ATP levels. The reported observations were performed on experimental system where also non-neuronal cells where present; in order to evaluate whether a direct interaction between HIV proteins and neuronal cells takes place, we used a neuroblastoma cultures where only neuronal cells are present.

We analysed the effects of gp120 on the N18TG2 neuroblastoma clone. Treatments were performed both on growing and confluent cultures. Short time treatment with gp120 of confluent cultures causes a 25% reduction in the level of neuron-specific enolase, resulting in a similar decrease of oxygen consumption. Long time exposure of growing cells also causes a reduction in cell survival. Furthermore, using a membrane-specific fluorescent probe we observed that gp120 produces an increase of membrane trafficking. These observations suggest a direct interaction between the viral envelope protein and neuronal cells, which results in an alteration of glycolytic metabolism. This alteration may be related to the neurologic impairments observed in AIDS patients.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dipartimento di Biologica Cellulare e dello Sviluppo, Università La Sapienza, Rome, Italy

    Anna Lidia Vignoli, Irene Martini, Gabriella Augusti-Tocco & Stefano Biagioni

  2. Department of Histology, Institute of Neurobiology, University of Goteborg, Goteborg, Sweden

    Kenneth H. Haglid

  3. V Clinica Medica, Università La Sapienza, Rome, Italy

    Leopoldo Silvestroni

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  1. Anna Lidia Vignoli
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  2. Irene Martini
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  3. Kenneth H. Haglid
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  4. Leopoldo Silvestroni
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  5. Gabriella Augusti-Tocco
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  6. Stefano Biagioni
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Vignoli, A.L., Martini, I., Haglid, K.H. et al. Neuronal glycolytic pathway impairment induced by HIV envenlope glyocprotein gp120. Mol Cell Biochem 215, 73–80 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026590916661

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