Abstract
Protein sequence data are as useful and valuable today as was envisioned by pioneering sequencers and by the organizers of the first sequence database. Sequence analysis was first the province of specialists who developed search, comparison, and tree-building methods. Microcomputers, communication satellites, and the Internet have made these methods accessible to any scientist. The rapid increase in the data has driven a succession of changes in how databases are compiled, distributed, and accessed. Large public databases have become international collaborations. Although they need to develop still more efficient ways to accumulate, organize, annotate, and standardize huge amounts of data, inadequate support is available for such efforts. Thus there will be greater reliance on direct input from the scientific community. The World Wide Web is essential but not sufficient for integrated access to related databases.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Barker, W. C., and Dayhoff, M. O. (1972). In Atlas of Protein Sequence and Structure 1972, Vol. 5 (Dayhoff, M. O., ed.), National Biomedical Research Foundation, Washington, D.C., pp. 101–110.
Barker, W. C., and Dayhoff, M. O. (1977). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 57B, 309–315.
Barker, W. C., and Dayhoff, M. O. (1982). Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 79, 2836–2839.
Barker, W. C., Ketcham, L. K., and Dayhoff, M. O. (1978). J. Mol. Evol. 10, 265–281.
Barker, W. C., Hunt, L. T., and George, D. G. (1988). Protein Seq. Data Anal. 1, 363–373.
Blomquist, M. C., Hunt, L. T., and Barker, W. C. (1984). Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 81, 7363–7367.
Dayhoff, M. O. (1969). Sci. Amer. 221(1), 87–95.
Dayhoff, M. O. (1976). In Atlas of Protein Sequence and Structure, Vol. 5,Suppl. 2 (Dayhoff, M. O., ed.), National Biomedical Research Foundation, Washington, D.C., pp. 1–8.
Dayhoff, M. O., and Eck, R. V. (1968). Atlas of Protein Sequence and Structure 1967–68, National Biomedical Research Foundation, Silver Spring, Maryland.
Dayhoff, M. O., Eck, R. V., Chang, M. A., and Sochard, M. R. (1965). Atlas of Protein Sequence and Structure 1965, National Biomedical Research Foundation, Silver Spring, Maryland.
Dayhoff, M. O., McLaughlin, P. J., Barker, W. C., and Hunt, L. T. (1975). Naturwissenschaften 62, 154–161.
Dayhoff, M. O., Schwartz, R. M., Chen, H. R., Hunt, L. T., Barker, W. C., and Orcutt, B. C. (1981). Nucleic Acid Sequence Database, Vol. 1, National Biomedical Research Foundation, Washington, D.C.
Dayhoff, M. O., Barker, W. C., and Hunt, L. T. (1983). In Methods in Enzymology, Vol. 91 (Enzyme Structure, Part 1) (Hirs, C. H. W., and Timasheff, S. N., eds.), Academic Press, New York, pp. 524–545.
Doolittle, R. F. (1986). OF URFS AND ORFS: A Primer on How to Analyze Derived Amino Acid Sequences, University Science Books, Mill Valley, California.
Doolittle, R. F., ed. (1990). Methods in Enzymology, Vol. 183 (Molecular Evolution: Computer Analysis of Protein and Nucleic Acid Sequences), Academic Press, New York.
Doolittle, R. F., ed. (1996). Methods in Enzymology, Vol. 266 (Computer Methods for Macromolecular Sequence Analysis), Academic Press, New York.
Eck, R. V., and Dayhoff, M. O. (1966). Science 152, 363–366.
Fitch, W. M., and Margoliash, E. (1967) Science 155, 279–284.
George, D. G., Barker, W. C., Mewes, H. W., Pfeiffer, F., and Tsugita, A. (1996). Nucleic Acids Res. 24, 17–20.
Hunt, L. T., and Dayhoff, M. O. (1980). Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 95, 864–871.
Keen, G. M., Redgrave, G. W., Lawton, J. R., Cinkosky, M. J., Mishra, S. K., Fickett, J. W., and Burks, C. (1992). Math. Computer Modelling 16, 93–101.
Needleman, S. B., and Wunsch, C. D. (1970). J. Mol. Biol. 48, 443–453.
Nierlich, D. P. (1996). Amer. Soc. Microbiol. News 62, 251–254.
Robbins, R. J., ed. (1994). J. Computational Biol. 1, 173–190.
Schwartz, R. M., and Dayhoff, M. O. (1978). Science 199, 395–403.
Tsugita, A. (1987). Protein Seq. Data Anal. 1, 1.
Von Heijne, G. (1987). Sequence Analysis in Molecular Biology: Treasure Trove or Trivial Pursuit, Academic Press, New York.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Barker, W.C., Hunt, L.T. Analysis and Organization of Protein Sequence Data: A Retrospective Spanning Four Decades. J Protein Chem 16, 459–462 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026305309829
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026305309829