Abstract
It is known from scientific literature and courses that various methods of differentiation of expressions retarded in time are used for obtaining electromagnetic fields generated by an arbitrary moving charge. The most common of them is a direct differentiation of the Lienard–Wiechert potentials. However, the method of differentiation of retarded potentials under integral sign is also in wide use. To this end, a special Heaviside–Feynman formalism was developed. In this paper, the interrelation between the foregoing methods is shown. The authors develop the technique of a direct synchronous covariant differentiation of the Lienard–Wiechert potentials and discuss the advantages of this direction.
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Bordovitsyn, V.A., Pozdeeva, T.O. The Technique of Covariant Differentiation of Retarded Potentials. Russian Physics Journal 46, 457–469 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026217822337
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026217822337