Abstract
Since the establishment, following World War II, of the ‘World System,’ by which the affluent industrialized countries established various international assistance agencies (including the multilateral development banks, UN affiliates, and Bilaterals), these assistance agencies have invested very large sums in helping finance planning and construction of community sewerage and water supply facilities in the developing countries. However, much of this large investment has been ineffective and wasted, primarily because of the lack of understanding by the staff of the assistance agencies that the design criteria for the facilities must be modified to suit the socio-economic status of the developing country. The developing countries are relatively very poor in terms of available finances, hence cannot afford to emulate Western environmental standards and design practices, especially as related to operation and maintenance, hence much simpler approaches must be used. Experiences in several Asian countries are discussed, and a recommendation is made on how to go about resolving this problem.
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Ludwig, H.F., Mohit, K. & Gunaratnam, D. The Truth about Public Health Protection and Community Sewerage and Water Supply Sanitation in Developing Countries. The Environmentalist 23, 151–157 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024891808112
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024891808112