Abstract
We have developed an efficient protocol for callus induction and plant regeneration in three elite soybean cultivars (Williams 82, Loda and Newton). The technique is most novel in that the shoot buds developed from the nodal callus. Callus induction and subsequent shoot bud differentiation were achieved from the proximal end of cotyledonary explants on modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) media containing 2.26 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxy-acetic acid (2,4-D) and 8.8 μM benzyladenine (BAP), respectively. Varying the carbon source optimized the regeneration system further. Among the various carbon sources tested, sorbitol was found to be the best for callus induction and maltose for plant regeneration.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bailey MA, Parrott WA & Boerma HR (1993) Genotype effects on repetitive embryogenesis and plant regeneration of soybean.In Vitro Cell Dev. Biol. Plant 29: 102–108
Barwale UB, Meyer MM & Widholm JM (1986) Screening of Glycine max (L.) Merr G. soma Sib. and Zucc. Genotypes for multiple shoot formation at the cotyledonary node. Theor. Appl. Genet. 72: 423–428
Cai Q, Szarejko I & Maluszynski M (1992) The effect of sugars and growth regulators on embryoid formation and plant regeneration from barley anther culture. Plant Breed. 109: 218–226
Chong C & Taper CD (1972) Malus tissue cultures. I. Sorbitol (D-glucitol) as a carbon source for callus initiation and growth. Can. J. Bot. 50: 1399–1404
Christou P, McCabe DE & Swain WF (1988) Stable transformation of soybean callus by DNA coated gold particles. Plant Physiol. 87: 671–674
Coffin R, Taper CD & Chong C (1976) Sorbitol and sucrose are carbon sources for callus cultures of some species of Rosaceae. Can. J. Bot. 52: 2361–2364
Donaldson PA & Simmonds DH (2000) Susceptibility of Agrobac-terium tumefaciens and cotyledonary node transformation in short-season soybean. Plant Cell Rep. 19: 478–484
Delzer BW, Somers DA & Orf JH (1990) Agrobacterium susceptibility and plant regeneration of 10 soybean genotypes in maturity groups 00 to II. Crop Sci. 30: 320–322
Finer JJ, Cheng T-S & Verma DPS (1996) Soybean transformation: technologies and progress. Soybean Genet. Mol. Biol. Biotechnol. 11: 249–262
Garcia JL, Troncoso J, Sarmiento R & Troncoso A (2002) Influence of carbon source and concentration on the in vitro development of olive zygotic embryos and explants raised from them. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 69: 95–100
Graybosch RA, Edge ME & Deianny X (1987) Somaclonal variation in soybean plants regenerated from the cotyledonary node tissue culture system. Crop Sci. 27: 803–806
Hinchee MAW, Conor-Ward DV, Newell CA, McDonnell RE, Sato SJ, Gasser CS, Fischhoff DA, Re DB, Fraley RT & Horsch RB (1988) Production of transgenic soybean plants using Agrobac-terium mediated DNA transfer. Bio/Technology 6: 915–922
Hu CY & Wang L (1999) In planta soybean transformation technologies developed in China: procedure, confirmation and field performance. In Vitro Cell Dev. Biol. Plant 35: 417–420
Jahne A, Lazzeri PA, Jager-Gussen K & Lorz H (1991) Plant regeneration from embryogenic cell suspensions derived from anther cultures of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Theor. Appl. Genet. 82: 74–80
Klein TM & Jones TJ (1999) Methods of genetic transformation: the gene gun. In: Vasil IK (ed) Molecular Improvement of Cereal Crops (pp. 21–42). Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands
Komatsuda T & Ko S-W (1990) Screening of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] genotypes for somatic embryo production from immature embryo. Jpn J. Breed. 40: 249–251
Komatsuda T, Lee W & Oka S (1992) Maturation and germination of somatic embryos as affected by sucrose and plant growth regulators in soybeans Glycine gracilis Skvortz and Glycine max (L.) Merr. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 28: 103–113
Komatsuda T & Ohyama K (1988) Genotypes of high competence for somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in soybean Glycine max. Plant Cell Rep. 75: 695–700
Kuhlmann U & Foroughi-Wher B (1989) Production of doubled haploid lines in frequencies sufficient for barley breeding programs. Plant Cell Rep. 8: 78–81
Last DI & Brettel RIS (1990) Embryo yield in wheat anther culture is influenced by the choice of sugar in the culture medium. Plant Cell Rep. 9: 14–16
Marchal J, Sens I & Teisson C (1992) Influence des sucre et de facteurs bioclimatiques sur la culture in vitro du bananier. Fruit 47: 17–24
Meurer CA, Dinkins RD & Collins GB (1998) Factors affecting soybean cotyledonary node transformation. Plant Cell Rep. 18: 180–186
Mhaske VB, Chengalrayan K & Hazra S (1998) Influence of osmotica and abscissic acid on triglyceride accumulation in peanut somatic embryos. Plant Cell Rep. 17: 742–746
Murashige T & Skoog F (1962) A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol. Plant. 15: 473–497
Nadel BL, Altman A & Ziv M (1989) Regulation of somatic embryogenesis in celery cell suspensions. I. Promoting effects of mannitol on somatic embryo development. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 18: 181–189
Parrott WA, Hoffman LM, Hildebrand P, Williams EG & Collins GB (1989) Recovery of primary transformants of soybean. Plant Cell Rep. 7: 615–617
Petersen KK, Hansen J & Krogstrup P (1999) Significance of different carbon sources and sterilization methods on callus induction and plant regeneration of Miscanthus×ogiformis Honda ‘Giganteus'. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 58: 189–197
Pua E-C & Chong C (1984) Requirement for sorbitol (D-glucitol) as carbon source for in vitro propagation of Malus robusta. Can. J. Bot. 62: 1545–1549
Sairam RV, Wilber C, Franklin J, Smith B, Bazil J, Hassel R, Frutiger K, Blakey CA, Vierling R & Goldman SL (2002) High frequency callus induction and plant regeneration in Tripsacum dactyloides (L.). In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. Plant 38: 435–440
Shoemaker RC, Amberger LA & Palmer RG (1991) Effect of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid concentrations on somatic embryogenesis and heritable variation in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. In Vitro Cell Dev. Biol. Plant. 27: 84–88
Vu JCV, Neidz RP & Yelonosky G (1993) Glycerol stimulation of chlorophyll synthesis, embryogenesis and carboxylation and sucrose metabolism enzymes in nucellar callus of ‘Hamlin’ sweet orange. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 33: 75–80
Walker DR & Parrot WA (2001) Effect of polyethylene glycol and sugar alcohols on soybean somatic embryo germination and conversion. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 64: 55–62
Zhou H, Zheng Y & Konzak CF (1991) Osmotic potential of media affecting green plant percentage in wheat anther culture. Plant Cell Rep. 10: 63–66
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sairam, R., Franklin, G., Hassel, R. et al. A study on the effect of genotypes, plant growth regulators and sugars in promoting plant regeneration via organogenesis from soybean cotyledonary nodal callus. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 75, 79–85 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024649122748
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024649122748