Abstract
The effect of glass-fiber epoxy interface in cross-ply reinforced composites on the fatigue behavior is studied by using load-increasing fatigue test. The damage as measured by stiffness reduction is more significant for the composites with poor bonded fibers as was found for EP sized ones, dependent on test conditions. Energy loss is shown to be a sensitive tool to characterize the nature of fiber matrix adhesion. The energy loss for composites with poor adhesion between fiber and matrix results in significantly higher amounts of consumed energy during a single stress-strain loop than those composites containing well-bonded fibers.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
S. Subramanian, K. L. Reifsnider and W. W. Stinchcomb, Intern. J. Fatigue 17 (1995) 343.
B. N. Cox and D. B. Marshall, Fatigue and Fracture of Engineering Materials and Structures 14 (1991) 847.
V. Ramakrishnan and N. N. Jayaraman, J. Mater. Sci. 28 (1993) 5592.
G. Bao and Y. Song, Journal of Mechanics and Physics of Solids 41 (1993) 1425.
G. M. Newaz and N. Bonora “Damage Based Fatigue Life Modeling For Brittle Composites” (ICCM-11, Gold Coast, Australia, July 14–18, 1997).
A. Poursartip, M. F. Ashby and P. W. R. Beaumont, Comp. Sci. & Techn. 25 (1986) 193.
M. O. W. Richardson, C. M. Branco and J. A. M. Ferreira, J. Comp. Mater. 31(18) (1997) 1826.
J. F. Mandell and U. Meier, “in Long-Term Behavior of Composites,” edited by T. K. O'Brien (ASTM STP 813, ASTM PA, 1983).
D. Kujawski and F. Ellyin, Composites 26(10) (1995) 719.
H. El Kadi and F. Ellyin, Composites 25(10) (1994) 917.
V. Pavsek, J. Wolfrum and G. W. Ehrenstein, GAK 51(4) (1998) 346.
F. Orth, L. Hoffmann, H. Zilch-Bremer and G. W. Ehrenstein, Composite Structures 24 (1993) 265.
B. von Bernstorff and G. W. Ehrenstein, J. Mater. Sci. 25 (1990) 4087.
TH. Zysk, W. Janzen and G. W. Ehrenstein, “Stress and Strain Limits of Glass Fiber Reinforced PBTP and SAN, 46th Annual SPI-Conference” (Washington D.C., February 18–21, 1991).
J. Gassan and A. K. Bledzki, Polymer Composites 18(2) (1997) 179.
J. Gassan, “Natural Fiber Reinforced Plastics–Correlation Between Structure and Properties of the Fibers and its Composites,” Dissertation at the University of Kassel, Kassel, 1997.
J. Gassan and A. K. Bledzki, Composites 28A (1997) 1001.
J. Gassan and A. K. Bledzki, Comp. Sci. & Techn. 59 (1999) 1303.
J. Gassan and A. K. Bledzki, Polymer Composites 20(4) (1999) 604.
J. Gassan, Composite Interfaces 7(4) (2000) 287.
R. Talreja, J. Comp. Technol. & Res. 7 (1985) 25.
S. L. Ogin, P. A. Smith and P. W. R. Beaumont, Comp. Sci. Technol. 22 (1985) 23.
K. L. Reifsnider, K. Schulte and J. C. Duke, in “Long-Term Behavior of Composites,” edited by T. K. O'Brien (ASTM STP 813, ASTM PA, 1983) p. 136.
S. Subramanian, J. S. Elmore, W. W. Stinchcomb and K. L. Reifsnider, in “Composite Materials: Testing and Design Vol. 12,” edited by R. B. Deo and C. R. Saff (ASTM STP 1274, ASTM PA, 1995) p. 69.
M. van den Oever and T. Peijs, Composites Part A 29A (1998) 227.
A. W. Pryce and P. A. Smith, J. Mater. Sci. 27 (1992) 2695.
D. P. Walls, J. C. MCC Nulty and F. W. Zok, Metallurgica and Materials Transactions 27A (1996) 1899.
P. W. R. Beaumont, J. Adhesion 6 (1974) 107.
P. W. R. Beaumont and J. M. Schultz, in “Failure Analysis of Composite Materials–Delaware Composite Design Encyclopedia,” edited by P. W. R. Beaumont et al (Technomic Publishing Co., Inc., Lancaster, 1990).
F. W. Zok and S. M. Spearing, Acta Metall. Mater. 40(8) (1992) 2033.
G. Caprino and G. Giorleo, Composites 30A (1999) 299.
A. Conle and J. P. Ingall, Journal of Composites Technology & Research 7(1) (1985) 3.
J. N. Yang and D. L. Jones, in “Long-Term Behavior of Composites,” edited by T. K. O'Brien (ASTM STP 813, ASTM PA, 1983) p. 246.
W. W. Stinchcomb, K. L. Reifsnider and R. S. Williams, Experimental Mechanics 16 (1976) 343.
J. E. Masters and K. L. Reifsnider, in “Damage in Composite Materials,” edited by K. L. Reifsnider (ASTM STP 775, ASTM PA, 1982) p. 40.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Gassan, J., Dietz, T. Load-increasing fatigue test to characterize the interface of composites under fatigue loadings. Journal of Materials Science 38, 2755–2760 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024415525739
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024415525739