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Development and in Vivo Evaluation of an Oral Delivery System for Low Molecular Weight Heparin Based on Thiolated Polycarbophil

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Abstract

Purpose. It was the purpose of this study to develop a new oral drug delivery system for low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) providing an improved bioavailability and a prolonged therapeutic effect.

Methods. The permeation enhancing polycarbophil-cysteine conjugate (PCP-Cys) used in this study displayed 111.4 ± 6.4 μM thiol groups per gram polymer. Permeation studies on freshly excised intestinal mucosa were performed in Ussing chambers demonstrating a 2-fold improved uptake of heparin as a result of the addition of 0.5% (w/v) PCP-Cys and the permeation mediator glutathione (GSH).

Results. Tablets containing PCP-Cys, GSH, and 279 IU of LMWH showed a sustained drug release over 4 h. To guarantee the swelling of the polymeric carrier matrix in the small intestine tablets were enteric coated. They were orally given to rats. For tablets being based on the thiomer/GSH system an absolute bioavailability of 19.9 ± 9.3% (means ± SD; n = 5) vs. intravenous injection could be achieved, whereas tablets comprising unmodified PCP did not lead to a significant (p < 0.01) heparin concentration in plasma. The permeation enhancing effect and subsequently a therapeutic heparin level was maintained for 24 h after a single dose.

Conclusions. Because of the strong and prolonged lasting permeation enhancing effect of the thiomer/GSH system, the oral bioavailability of LMWH could be significantly improved. This new delivery system represents therefore a promising tool for the oral administration of heparin.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center of Pharmacy Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and, Biopharmaceutics University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090, Vienna, Austria

    Constantia E. Kast, Davide Guggi, Nina Langoth & Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch

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  1. Constantia E. Kast
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  2. Davide Guggi
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  3. Nina Langoth
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  4. Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch
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Kast, C.E., Guggi, D., Langoth, N. et al. Development and in Vivo Evaluation of an Oral Delivery System for Low Molecular Weight Heparin Based on Thiolated Polycarbophil. Pharm Res 20, 931–936 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1023803706746

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