Abstract
By indirect estimation of mortality from smoking and life table methods we estimated expected lifetime without musculoskeletal diseases among never smokers, ex-smokers, and smokers. We found that although life expectancy of a heavy smoker is 7 years shorter than that of a never smoker, heavy smokers can expect to live more than 2 years longer with musculoskeletal diseases than never smokers.
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Brønnum-Hansen, H., Juel, K. Smoking expands expected lifetime with musculoskeletal disease. Eur J Epidemiol 18, 183–184 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1023093308992
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1023093308992