Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Diabetic Ketoacidosis

  • Published:
Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders Aims and scope Submit manuscript

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Ennis E, Kreisberg R. Diabetic Ketoacidosis and the Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2000:336–347.

    Google Scholar 

  2. American Diabetes Association. Hyperglycemic crises in patients with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 2001;24:1988–1996.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Rosenbloom A, Hanas R. diabetic ketoacidosis: Treatment guidelines. Clinical Pediatrics 1996;35:261–266.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Rosenbloom A. Intracerebral crises during treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis. Diabetes Care 1990;13:22–33.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Munro J, Campbell I, McCuish A, Duncan L. Euglycaemic diabetic ketoacidosis. BMJ 1973;2:578–580.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Burge M, Schade D. The mechanism of euglycaemic acidosis. Diabetes 1992;41(Suppl 1):59A.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Glaser N, Barnett P, McCaslin I, Nelson D, Trainor J, Louie J, Kaufman F, Quayle K, Roback M, Malley R, Kuppermann N, The Pediatric Emergency Medicine Collaborative Research Committee of the American Academy of Pediatrics. Risk factors for cerebral edema in children with diabetic ketoacidosis. N Engl J Med 2001;344:264–269.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Magee M, Bhatt B. Management of decompensated diabetes. Crit Care Clin 2001;17:75–106.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Foster D, McGarry J. The metabolic derangements and treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis. N Engl J Med 1983;309:159–169.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Emmet M, Narins R. Clinical use of the anion gap. Medicine 1977;56:38–54.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Adrogue H, Wilson H, Boyd A, Suki W, Eknoyan G. Plasma acidbase patterns in diabetic ketoacidosis. N Engl J Med 1982;26:1603–1610.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Marliss E, Ohman J, Aoki T, Kozak G. Altered redox state obscuring ketoacidosis in diabetic patients with lactic acidosis. N Engl J Med 1970;283:978–980.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Tirone T, Brunicardi C. Overview of glucose regulation. World J Surg 2001;4:461–467.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Adrogue H, Madias N. Hypernatremia. N Engl J Med 2000;342:1493–1499.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Siberry G, Iannone R, ed. The Harriet Lane Handbook, 15th ed. St. Louis, Missouri: Mosby, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Katz M. Hyperglycemia-induced hyponatremia: Calculation of expected serum sodium depression. N Engl J Med 1973;289:843–844.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Kaminska E, Pourmotabbed G. Spurious laboratory values in diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperlipidemia. Am J Emerg Med 1993;11:77–80.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Adrogue H, Madias N. Hyponatremia. N Engl J Med 2000;342: 1581–1589.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Maas A, Siggaard-Andersen O, Weisberg H, Zijlstra W. Ionselective electrodes for sodium and potassium: A new problem of what is measured and what should be reported. Clin Chem 1985;31:482–485.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Warshaw A, Feller E, Lee K. On the cause of raised serum-amylase in diabetic ketoacidosis. Lancet 1977;1:929–931.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Vinicor F, Lehrner L, Karn R, Merrit A. Hyperamylasemia in diabetic ketoacidosis: Sources and significance. Ann Intern Med 1979;91:200–204.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Nsien E, Steinberg W, Borum M, Ratner R. Marked hyperlipasemia in diabetic ketoacidosis: Areport of three cases. J Clin Gastroenterol 1992;15:117–121.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Gogos C, Giali S, Paliogianni F, Dimitracopoulos G, Bassaris H, Vagenakis A. Interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein as early markers of sepsis in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis or hyperosmosis. Diabetologia 2001;44:1011–1014.

    Google Scholar 

  24. ISPAD. Consensus guidelines 2000. ISPAD consensus guidelines for the management of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents. Zeist: Medical Forum International, 2000.

  25. Hillman K. Fluid resuscitation in diabetic emergencies: A reappraisal. Intensive Care Med 1987;13:4–8.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Fein I, Rackow E, Sprung C, Grodman R. Relation of colloidosmotic pressure to arterial hypoxemia and cerebral edema during crystalloid volume loading of patients with diabetic ketoacidosis. Am Intern Med 1982;96:570–572.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Schade D, Eaton R. Dose response to insulin in man: Differential effects on glucose and ketone body regulation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1977;44:1038–1053.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Guerra S, Kitabchi A. Comparison of the effectiveness of various routes of insulin injection: Insulin levels and glucose response in normal subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1976;42:869–874.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Kitabchi A, Ayyagari V, Guerra S, Medical house Staff. The efficacy of low dose versus conventional therapy of insulin for treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis. Ann Int Med 1976;84:633–638.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Carroll P, Matz R. Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus in adults: Experience in treating diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar coma with low-dose insulin and uniform treatment regimen. Diabetes Care 1983;6:579–585.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Fisher J, Kitabchi A. A randomized study of phosphate therapy in the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1983;57:177–180.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Morris L, Murphy M, Kitabchi A. Bicarbonate therapy in severe diabetic ketoacidosis. Ann Int Med 1986;105:836–840.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Duck S, Wyatt D. Factors associated with brain herniation in the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis. J Pediatr 1988;113:10–14.

    Google Scholar 

  34. Dunger D, Edge J. Predicting cerebral edema during diabetic ketoacidosis. N Engl J Med 2001;344:302–303.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Bello F, Sotos J. Cerebral oedema in diabetic ketoacidosis in children. Lancet 1990;336:64.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Edge J, Ford-Adams M, Dunger D. Causes of death in children with insulin dependent diabetes 1990–1996. Arch Dis Child 1999;81:318–323.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Fein I, Rackow E, Sprung C, Grodman R. Relation of colloid osmotic pressure to arterial hypoxemia and cerebral edema during crystalloid volume loading of patients with diabetic ketoacidosis. Ann Intern Med 1982;96:570–575.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Buyukasik Y, Ileri N, Haznedarogu I, Karaahmetoglu S, Muftuoglu O, Kirazli S, Dundar S. Enhanced subclinical coagulation activation during diabetic ketoacidosis. Diabetes Care 1998;21:868–870.

    Google Scholar 

  39. Singhal P, Abramovici M, Shashidharan A, Desroches L. Determinants of rhabdomyolysis in the diabetic state. Am J Nephrol 1991;11:447–450.

    Google Scholar 

  40. Higa E, Atala S, Martins J, Campos L, Homsi E. Acute renal failure due to rhabdomyolysis in diabetic patients. Renal Failure 1997;19;289–293.

    Google Scholar 

  41. Vanelli M, Chiari G, Ghizzoni L, Costi G, Giacalone T, Chiarelli F. Effectiveness of a prevention program for diabetic ketoacidosis in children. Diabetes Care 1999;22:7–9.

    Google Scholar 

  42. Kaufman F, Halvorsen M. The treatment and prevention of diabetic ketoacidosis in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Pediatr Annals 1999;28:576–582.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium

    Kristina Casteels

  2. Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium

    Chantal Mathieu

Authors
  1. Kristina Casteels
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Chantal Mathieu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Casteels, K., Mathieu, C. Diabetic Ketoacidosis. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 4, 159–166 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022942120000

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022942120000

Keywords

Search

Navigation