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Low-Noise Cooled Planar Schottky Diode Receivers for Ground-Based Spectral Ozone Measurements at 142 GHz

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Abstract

Two new low-noise cooled receivers based on planar Schottky diode mixers were designed and built for the Lebedev Physics Institute (LPI) spectrometer for ground-based measurements of the atmospheric ozone spectral line of 142.175 GHz central frequency. The receivers differ in the intermediate frequency (IF) bands, of around 3.7 and 1.5 GHz. Review description of the spectrometer equipped with the 3.7–GHz IF receiver is given, and its performance is compared with other millimeter-wave ground-based ozone spectrometers. Special attention was paid to design of the input Gaussian optics and the mixers. Techniques of laboratory tests of the receivers and results of the tests through all 2–mm wavelength range are considered and discussed. SSB mixer noise temperature of 460±60 K was obtained at 151 GHz for room temperature mixer, and the value of 180±30 K was measured at 134 GHz under cooling to 85 K in liquid nitrogen cryostat. SSB mixer conversion losses were less than 5.5 dB in both the cases. SSB noise temperature of the spectrometer is less than 1500 K without cooling and less than 700 K at cryogenic operation at 142 GHz. This provides sensitivity of about 0.2 and 0.1 K for the narrowest spectral channel width of 0.1 MHz and signal integration time of 1 hour. Using the optimized spectrum analyzers delivers data on high-accuracy retrieval of the ozone vertical profile in the atmosphere at altitudes about from 15 to 75 km. Examples of the ozone observation data are given.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Optics, P.N. Lebedev Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117924, Moscow, V-333 Leninsky prospect 53, Russia

    Sergey B. Rozanov, Alexander N. Lukin & Sergey V. Solomonov

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  1. Sergey B. Rozanov
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  2. Alexander N. Lukin
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  3. Sergey V. Solomonov
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Rozanov, S.B., Lukin, A.N. & Solomonov, S.V. Low-Noise Cooled Planar Schottky Diode Receivers for Ground-Based Spectral Ozone Measurements at 142 GHz. International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves 19, 195–222 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022567523647

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