Abstract
This essay presents an overview of women's coalitions during economic and political crises. Evidence suggests that success can be explained by opportunities opened by crises, international funding and agendas, and threats to previously won rights. The paper considers the decline of women's organizing in the late 1980s and early 1990s; the shift from civil society initiatives to greater involvement by politicians and femocrats; the emergence of short-term, more focused coalitions; and a rhetoric that became more clearly feminist throughout the 1990s and into the new millennium.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Alvarez, S. (1999) “Advocating feminism: The Latin American feminist NGO boom.” International Feminist Journal of Politics 12: 181–204.
Castañeda, N. (1996) “La perspectiva de género y el movimiento de mujeres (una introducción y revisión conceptual necesaria).” Revista Venezolana de Estudios de la Mujer 1, 1: 12–22.
Castañeda, N. (1998) “Las políticas públicas y la dimensión equidad de género en Venezuela 1990–1997.” Revista Venezolana de Estudios de la Mujer, 3 7: 32–49.
Codetta, C. (1998) “Mujer y democracia: reflexiones sobre una crisis.” Revista Venezolana de Estudios de la Mujer, 3 7: 79–88.
El Nacional. National newspaper published in Caracas, Venezuela.
El Universal. National newspaper published in Caracas, Venezuela.
Espina, G. (1994) “Entre sacudones, golpes y amenazas: Las venezolanas organizadas y las otras,” in M. Leon (Ed.) Mujeres y Participación Política: Avances y Desafíos en América Latina. Bogotá: Editores T/M.
Espina, G. and Rakowski, C. (2002) “'Movimiento de mujeres o mujeres en movimiento? El caso Venezuela.” Cuadernos del CENDES 49, January–April: 31–48.
Flora, C.B. (1986) “Socialist feminists in Latin America.” Women & Politics, 4 1: 69–93.
Friedman, E. (1999) “The effects of transnationalism reversed in Venezuela: Assessing the impact of UN global conferences on the women's movement.” International Feminist Journal of Politics 13: 357–381.
Friedman, E. (1998) “Paradoxes of gendered political opportunity in the Venezuelan transition to democracy.” Latin American Research Review 33, 3: 87–136.
Friedman, E. (1997) “Unfinished Transitions: Gendered Political Opportunities and Women's Organizing in Latin American Democratization.” Dissertation, Stanford University.
Gómez Calcaño, L. and Patruyo, T. (1999) “Venezuela: entre la esperanza popular y la crisis económica.” Unpublished paper. Caracas: CENDES, Central University of Venezuela.
Izaguirre Porras, M. (1986) “Las lecciones de la crisis (Venezuela 1983).” Cuadernos del CENDES 5: 101–38.
Lander, E. (1996) “The impact of Neoliberal adjustment in Venezuela, 1989–1993.” Latin American Perspectives 23 3,: 50–73.
Márquez, G. (1993) “Poverty and social policies in Venezuela.” Washington: Brookings Institute.
Miller, F. (1991) Latin American Women and the Search for Social Justice. Hanover, N.H.: University Press of New England.
Naím, M. (1993) “The launching of radical policy changes, 1989–1991,” in J. Tulchin and G. Bland (Eds.) Venezuela in the Wake of Radical Reform. Washington, D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Center.
Nijeholt, G.L.; Vargas, V.; and Wieringa, S., eds. (1998) Women's Movements in Public Policy in Europe, Latin American and the Caribbean. New York: Garland.
Palumbo, G. (1988) “Reforma legislativa y liderazgo político: Código Civil Venezolano 1982.” Unpublished paper. Caracas: IESA Instituto de Estudios Superiores de Administración.
Petzoldt, F. and Bevilacqua, J. (1979) Nosotras también nos jugamos la vida. Caracas: Editorial Ateneo.
Rakowski, C.A. (1998) “Unity in diversity and adversity: Venezuelan women's struggle for human rights.” INSTRAW News 28: 26–33.
Taylor, V. (1989) “Social movement continuity: The women's movement in abeyance.” American Sociological Review 54: 761–775.
UNDP-United Nations Development Programme (1998) Human Development Index. New York: UNDP.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Rakowski, C.A. Women's Coalitions as a Strategy at the Intersection of Economic and Political Change in Venezuela. International Journal of Politics, Culture, and Society 16, 387–405 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022356328509
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022356328509