Abstract
Four iron catalysts (unpromoted, K-promoted, Si-promoted and K,Si-promoted) were activated and subjected to common Fischer–Tropsch synthesis conditions. At increasing times on stream, samples were withdrawn from the continuously stirred tank reactor in the reactor wax while keeping the sample blanketed with an inert gas. Mössbauer spectra were recorded for various samples and the iron phases of the catalyst were compared to the catalytic activity. A simple model based on bulk composition of the catalyst is not related to the catalytic activity during the course of the run.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
M.E. Dry, in: Catalysis-Science and Technology Vol. 1, eds. J.R. Anderson and M. Boudart (Springer, New York, 1981), pp 196-198.
J.P. Reymond, P. Mériaudeau and S.J. Teichner, J. Catal. 75 (1982) 39.
G.B. Raupp and W.N. Delgass, J. Catal. 58 (1979) 361.
C.N. Satterfield, R.T. Hanlon, S.E. Tung, Z. Zou and G.C. Papaefthymiou, Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 25 (1986) 407.
R.J. O'Brien, L. Xu, R.L. Spicer and B.H. Davis, Energy & Fuels 10 (1996) 921.
M.D. Shroff, D.S. Kalakkad, K.E. Coulter, S.D. Köhler, M.S. Harrington, N.B. Jackson, A.G. Sault and A. Datye, J. Catal. 156 (1995) 185.
F.J. Berry and M.R. Smith, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 85 (1989) 467.
C.S. Huang, B. Ganguly, G.P. Huffman, F.E. Huggins and B.H. Davis, Fuel Sci. Technol. Int. 11 (1993) 1289.
L. Guczi, Catal. Rev.-Sci. Eng. 23 (1981) 329.
G. Le Caër, J.M. Dubois, M. Pijolat, V. Perrichon and P. Bussiere, J. Phys. Chem. 86 (1982) 4799.
J.A. Amelse, J.B. Butt and L.H. Schwartz, J. Phys. Chem. 82 (1978) 558.
S.A. Eliason and C.H. Bartholomew, Catalyst Deactivation 1997 eds. C.H. Bartholomew and G.A. Fuentes (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1997) p. 517.
L.-M. Tau, S. Borcar, D. Bianchi and C.O. Bennett, J. Catal. 87 (1984) 36.
J.W. Niemantsverdriet, A.M. van der Kraan and W.L. van Dijk, J. Phys. Chem. 84 (1980) 3363.
N. Nahon, Thesis, Lyon, 1979.
D. Bianchi, S. Borcar, F. Teule-Gay and C.O. Bennett, J. Catal. 82 (1983) 442.
R.R. Gatte and J. Phillips, J. Catal. 104 (1987) 365.
A. Raje, R.J. O'Brien, L. Xu and B.H. Davis, Catalyst Deactivation 1997, Studies in Surface Science Catalysis, eds. C.H. Bartholomew and G.A. Fuentes, 111 (1997) 527.
B.H. Davis, Technology Development for Iron Fischer—Tropsch Catalysis, DOE contract DE-AC22-94PC94055, Final Report, March, 1999.
N.B. Jackson, A.K. Datye, L. Mansker, R.J. O'Brien and B.H. Davis, in Catalyst Deactivation 1997, Studies in Surface Science Catalysis, eds. C.H. Bartholomew and G.A. Fuentes, 111 (1997) 501.
S.J. Liaw and B.H. Davis, Topics Catal. 10 (2000) 133.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sirimanothan, N., Hamdeh, H.H., Zhang, Y. et al. Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis: Changes in Phase and Activity During Use. Catalysis Letters 82, 181–191 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020562827386
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020562827386