Abstract
A mathematical model has been developed to analyze gas–liquid hydrogenation reactions of hydrocarbons accompanied by liquid evaporation and chemical transformation in liquid and vapor phases on a porous catalyst grain. Critical phenomena caused by the joint action of the exothermic catalytic reaction, phase transitions, multicomponent diffusion, and capillary penetration (percolation) are numerically studied. The domains of multiplicity of stationary modes are determined, depending on wetting of the external surface of the catalyst grain, activity of the catalyst reaction heat, evaporation heat, and parameters characterizing grain impregnation by the liquid. The adequacy of the results obtained by the mathematical model was validated by experimental data. Key words: multiphase processes, exothermic reaction, porous catalyst grain, mathematical simulation.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
G. Eigenberger and U. Wegerle, “Runaway in an industrial hydrogenation reactor," Chem. Reaction Eng. Symp., 133 (1982).
E. Goossens, R. Donker, and F. Van den Brink, “Reactor runaway in pyrolysis gasoline hydrogenation," in: Proc. of the 1st Int. Symp. Hydrotreatment and Hydrocracking of Oil Fraction, Oostende, Belgium, February 17–19 (1997).
G. A. Funk, M. P. Harold, and M. Ng. Ka, “A novel model for reaction in trickle-bed with ow maldistribution," Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 29, 738 (1990).
A. H. Germain, A. G. Levebvre and G. A. L'Homme, “Experimental study of catalytic trickle bed reactor," Adv. Chem. Ser., 133, 164 (1974).
C. N. Satterfield and F. Ozel, “Direct solid-catalyzed reaction of a vapor in a apparently completely wetted trickle-bed reactor," AIChE J., 19, 1259 (1973).
W. Sedriks and C. N. Kenney, “Partial wetting in trickle-bed reactors - the reduction of crotonaldehyde over a palladium catalyst," Chem. Eng. Sci., 28, 559 (1973).
J. T. Shah, Gas-Liquid-Solis Reactor Design, McGraw-Hill, New York (1979).
V. Capra, S. Sicardi, A. Gianetto, and J. M. Smith, “Effect of liquid wetting on catalyst effectiveness in trickle-bed reactor," Canad. J. Chem. Eng., 69, No. 4, 282–288 (1982).
C. S. Tan, “Catalyst particle effectiveness with unsymmetrical boundary condition," Chem. Eng. Sci., 17, No. 7, 1601–1609 (1980).
A. S. Kesten, “Theory and intuition in hydrazine reactor technology," AIAA Paper No. 77–845, 12 (1977).
V. A. Kirillov, N. A. Kuzin, V. N. Gavrilin, and V. A. Kuz'min, “Observed rate of a chemical reaction with phase transformations on the surface of a heterogeneous catalyst," Kinet. Katal., 36, No. 4, 1–6 (1995).
V. A. Kirillov, Reactors Involving Gas, Liquid, and Solid Fixed Catalyst [in Russian], Izd. Sib. Otd. Ross. Akad. Nauk (1997).
S. K. Bhatia, “Partial internal wetting of catalyst particle with a distribution of a pore size," AIChE J., 35, No. 8, 1337–1345 (1989).
D. H. Kim and Y. G. Kim, “An experimental study of multiple steady state in porous catalyst due to phase transition," J. Chem. Eng. Jpn., 14, 311–317 (1981).
P. C. Watson and M. P. Harold, “Rate enhancement and multiplicity in a partially wetted and filled pellet: Experimental study," AIChE J., 40, No. 1, 97–111 (1994).
P. C. Watson and M. P. Harold, “Dynamic effects of vaporization with exothermic reaction in a porous catalytic pellet," AIChE J., 39, 989–1006 (1993).
M. G. Slin'ko, V. A. Kirillov, A. V. Kulikov, et al., “Thermal modes of a partially wetted catalyst grain in reactions of hydrocarbon hydrogenation," Dokl. Akad. Nauk, 373, No. 3, 359–362 (2000).
P. C. Watson and M. P. Harold, “Bimolecular exothermic reaction with vaporization in the half-wetted slab catalyst," Chem. Eng. Sci., 48, No. 5, 981–1004 (1993).
L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifshitz, Statistical Physics, Pergamon Press (1980).
E. A. Mason and A. P. Malinauskas, Gas Transport in Porous Media: The Dusty Gas Model, Elsevier, Amsterdam (1983).
L. I. Kheifets and A. V. Neumark, Multi-Phase Processes in Porous Media [in Russian], Khimiya, Moscow (1982).
R. Krishna and G. L. Standart, “Mass and energy transfer in multi component systems," Chem. Eng. Commun., 3, No. 4, 201–275 (1979).
G. A. Hugmark, “Mass and heat transfer from rigid spheres," AIChE J., 13, 1219–1230 (1967).
M. G. Slin'ko, V. A. Kirillov, I. A. Mikhailova, and S. I. Fadeyev, “Mathematical model of a catalytic process on a porous grain in a three-phase system gas-liquid-solid," Dokl. Ross. Akad. Nauk, 376, No. 2, 219–223 (2001).
S. I. Fadeyev, “Program for a numerical solution of nonlinear boundary-value problems of ordinary differential equations with parameters," Tr. Inst. Mat. Sib. Otd. Akad. Nauk, 17, 104–198 (1990).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kirillov, V.A., Mikhailova, I.A., Fadeyev, S.I. et al. Critical Phenomena of an Exothermic Reaction Proceeding on a Partially Wetted Porous Catalyst Grain. Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves 38, 508–517 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020326215225
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020326215225