Abstract
Most genes in hexaploid bread wheat are triplicated. Knowledge of the relationships between the three genomes then allows us to build consensus maps of loci controlling any trait. In this paper we show such a map of some of the major genes and QTL effects that have been reported to be associated with pre-harvest sprouting. The result highlights regions of the genome that have featured in several studies and possible links between QTL and major genes. The same analysis can be extended to other economic grass crop species, where the comparative genome relationships are known in some detail. In this way, loci related to preharvest sprouting in wheat have been compared with some major genes affecting dormancy in maize and dormancy related QTLs in rice. This alignment identifies some candidate loci from maize and some regions of the rice genome that may relate to important wheat QTLs. In turn this approach will open up application of the emerging rice genomic DNA sequence to wheat pre-harvest sprouting research.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Anderson, J.A., M.E. Sorrells & S.D. Tanksley, 1993. RFLP analysis of genomic regions associated with resistance to preharvest sprouting in wheat. Crop Sci 33: 453–459.
Bassoi, M., 2002. Quantitative trait analysis of grain dormancy in wheat. PhD Thesis, University of East Anglia, UK, 239 pp.
Bennetzen, J.L., 2000. Comparative sequence analysis of plant nuclear genomes: microcolinearity and its many exceptions. The Plant Cell 12: 1021–1029.
Cai, H.W. & H. Morishima, 2002. Genomic regions affecting seed shattering and seed dormancy in rice. Theor Appl Genet 100: 840–846.
Devos, K.M., M.D. Atkinson, C.N. Chinoy, R.L. Harcourt, R.M.D. Koebner, C.J. Liu, P. Masojc, D.X. Xie & M.D. Gale, 1993. Chromosomal rearrangements in the rye genome relative to that of wheat. Theor Appl Genet 85: 673–680.
Devos, K.M., J. Dubcovsky, J. Dvorák, C.N. Chinoy & M.D. Gale, 1995. Structural evolution of wheat chromosomes 4A, 5A, and 7B and its impact on recombination. Theor Appl Genet 91: 282–288.
Dubcovsky, J., W. Ramakrrishna, P.J. SanMiguel, C.S. Busso, Y-L. Yan, B.A. Shiloff & J.L. Bennetzen, 2001. Comparative sequence analysis of colinear barley and rice bacterial artificial chromosomes. Plant Physiol 125: 1342–1353.
Flintham, J.E., R. Adlam, M. Bassoi, M.J. Holdsworth & M.D. Gale, 2002. Mapping genes for resistance to sprouting damage in wheat. Preharvest Spouting in Cereals 2001 (in press).
Gale, M.D. & K.M. Devos, 1998. Plant comparative genetics after ten years. Science 4817: 1–7.
Kato, K., W. Nakamura, T. Tabili, H. Miura & S. Sawada, 2001. Detection of loci controlling seed dormancy on group 4 chromosomes of wheat and comparative mapping with rice and barley genomes. Theor Appl Genet 102: 980–985.
Lin, S.Y., T. Sasaki & M. Yano, 2002. Mapping quantitative trait loci controlling seed dormancy and heading date in rice, Oryza sativa L., using backcross inbred lines. Theor Appl Genet 96: 997–1003.
Mares, D.J., K. Mrva, M-K. Tan & P.J. Sharp, 2002. Dormancy in white-grained wheat: Progress towards identification of genes and molecular markers. Preharvest Sprouting in Cereals 2001 (in press).
McIntosh, R.A., G.E. Hart, K.M. Devos, M.D. Gale & W.J. Rogers, 1998. Catalogue of gene symbols for wheat. In: A.E. Slinkard (Ed.), Proc 9th Int Wheat Genet Symp, Volume 5, 236 pp.
Nueffer, G.M., E.H. Coe & S. Wessler, 1997. Mutants of Maize. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 468 pp.
Roberts, M.A., S.M. Reader, C. Dalgliesh, T.E. Miller, T.N. Foote, L.J. Fish, J.W. Snape & G. Moore, 1999. Induction and characterization of Ph1 wheat mutants. Genetics 153: 1909–1918.
SanMiguel, P.J., A.P. Tikhonov, Y-K. Jin, N. Motchoulskaia, D. Zakharov, M. Berhan, P.S. Springer, K.J. Edwards & J.L. Bennetzen, 1996. Nested retrotransposons in the intergenic regions of the maize genome. Science 274: 765–768.
Sorrells, M.E. & J.A. Anderson, 1996. Quantitative trait loci associated with preharvest sprouting in white wheat. In: K. Noda & D.J. Mares (Eds.), Preharvest Sprouting in Cereals 1995, pp 137–142. Center for Academic societies, Japan.
Varshney, R.K., M. Prasad, J.K. Roy, M.S. Roder, H.S. Balyan & P.K. Gupta, 2001. Integrated physical maps of 2DL, 6BS and 7DL carrying loci for grain protein content and pre-harvest sprouting tolerance in bread wheat. Cereal Res Commun 29: 33–40.
Zanetti, S., M. Winseler, B. Keller & M. Messmer, 2000. Genetic analysis of pre-harvest sprouting in a wheat × spelt cross. Crop Sci 40: 1406–1417.