Abstract
It is shown that the lift–to–drag ratio of a thin delta wing is significantly lower than the lift–to–drag ratio of an infinitely long swept plate with an identical lift force. The effect of sweep on a finite wing may be used by excluding disturbances from the leading edge of the wing via introducing a “hardened” stream surface (wedge) and increasing the wing length. A three–shock waverider is proposed for choosing the optimal parameters. The sharp wedge may be avoided by replacing planar shock waves by a cylindrical shock wave upstream of the blunted wedge. If the leading edge of the wedge is not parallel to the rib that is a source of the expansion wave, a plate with zero wave drag, generating a lift force, may be obtained behind this rib. The system of regularly intersecting shock waves may be applied to design a forward–swept wing.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
V. A. Shchepanovskii, Gas-Dynamic Design [in Russian], Nauka, Novosibirsk (1991).
V. A. Shchepanovskii and B. I. Gutov, Gas-Dynamic Design of Supersonic Inlets [in Russian], Nauka, Novosibirsk (1993).
Yu. A. Vedernikov and V. A. Shchepanovskii, Optimization of Gas-Dynamic Systems [in Russian], Nauka, Novosibirsk (1995).
A. Ferri, Elements of Aerodynamics of Supersonic Flows, Macmillan, New York (1949).
G. P. Voskresenskii, A. S. Il'ina, and V. S. Tatarenchik, “Supersonic ow around wings with an attached shock wave, ” Tr. TsAGI, No. 1590 (1974).
D. Küuchemann, The Aerodynamic Design of Aircraft, Pergamon Press, Oxford (1978).
G. I. Maikapar, “Waveriders of complex shape, ” Izv. Ross. Akad. Nauk, Mekh. Zhidk. Gaza, No. 4, 158–165 (1998).
A. Busemann, “Lift force at supersonic velocities, ” in: Gas Dynamics [Russian translation], GONTI, Moscow (1939), pp. 143–177.
V. V. Keldysh, “Lift-to-drag ratio of a conical sector with a wing in regimes corresponding to sectors of the ow in the vicinity of a circular cone at a zero angle of attack, ” Izv. Ross. Akad. Nauk, Mekh. Zhidk. Gaza, No. 6, 118–121 (1968).
V. N. Golubkin, D. S. Emelin, and D. S. Postnov, “Problems of wing optimization under conditions typical of supersonic fight, ” Tr. TsAGI, No. 2636, 38–41 (1998).
S. A. Takovitskii, “Optimization of a delta wing with transverse and longitudinal curvature and a great number of varied parameters, ” Tr. TsAGI, No. 2636, 98–105 (1988).
V. V. Keldysh, “Favorable wing/body interference at supersonic velocities, ” Uch. Zap. TsAGI, 2, No. 1, 17–23 (1971).
Yu. I. Zaitsev and V. V. Keldysh, “Special cases of ow near a supersonic edge and the line of intersection of shock waves, ” Uch. Zap. TsAGI, 1, No. 1, 43–89 (1970).
M. G. Lebedev, L. V. Pchelkina, and I. D. Sandomirskaya, Supersonic Flow Around Blunted Bodies [in Russian], Izd. Mosk. Univ., Moscow (1974).
V. L. Grigorenko and A. N. Kraiko, “Internal shock waves in a supersonic perfect-gas ow around wedge-plate and cone-cylinder configurations, ” Prikl. Mat. Mekh., 50, No. 1, 91–103 (1986).
R. T. Jones, Wing Theory, Princeton Univ. Press, New Jersey (1990).
G. I. Maikapar, “Shape of the leeward side of the waverider, ” Uch. Zap. TsAGI, 16, No. 2, 9–16 (1985).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Maikapar, G.I. Notes on gas–dynamic design of supersonic flying vehicles. Journal of Applied Mechanics and Technical Physics 42, 404–410 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1019282217635
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1019282217635