Abstract
The biosynthesis of xanthan by Xanthomonas campestris was found to be affected by the addition of citric acid in fed batch mode. Under oxygen-limiting conditions, the addition of up to 2.6 g citric acid per litre improved cell viability as well as increasing xanthan yield by up to 80%. Comparative xanthan formation profiles at different operating conditions indicate that at higher aeration (when there was no oxygen limitation), citric acid addition did not improve xanthan production.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
De Vuyst, L., Van Loo, J. & Vandamme, E.J. 1987 Two step fermentation process for improving xanthan production by Xanthomonas campestris. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology 9, 263–273.
Garcia-Ochoa, F., Santos, U.E. & Fritsch, A.P. 1992 Nutritional study of Xanthomonas campestris in xanthan gum production by factorial design of experiments. Enzyme and Microbial Technology 14, 991–996.
Funahashi, H., Hirai, K., Yoshida, T., & Taguchi, H. 1988 Mixing xanthan gum solution in an aerated agitated fermentor-effect of impeller size on volume of mixing regions and circular time distribution. Journal of Fermentation Technology 66, 103–109.
Herbst, H., Suh, I.S., Peters, H.U., Schumpe, A. & Deckwer, W.D. 1989 comparison of various fermentor types used for the production of xanthan. DECHEMA Biotechnology Conference 3, 495–498.
Jarman, T.R. & Pace, G.W. 1984 Energy requirement for microbial polysaccharide synthesis. Archives of Microbiology 137, 231–235.
McCabe, W.L., Smith, J.C. & Harriott, P. 1985 Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering, Fourth edn, p. 42. Singapore: McGraw Hill Book Company.
Miller, G.L. 1959 Use of dinitrosalicylic acid reagent for determination of reducing sugar. Analytical Chemistry 31, 426–428.
Nakajima, S., Funahashi, H. & Yoshida, T. 1990 Xanthan gum production in a fermentor with twin impeller. Journal of Fermentation and Bioengineering 70, 392–399.
Peters, H.U., Ghosh, P., Zaidi, A., Schumpe, A. & Deckwer, W.D. 1990 The continuous production of xanthan gum, Fifth European Congress on Biotechnology, Copenhagen. vol. 2, 1049–1052.
Pons, A., Dussap, C.G. & Gross, G.B. 1989 Modelling of Xanthomonas campestris batch fermentation in bubble column, Biotechnology and Bioengineering 33, 399–405.
Pons, A., Dussap, C.G. & Gross, G.B. 1990 Xanthan batch fermentation: compared performance of a bubble column and a stirred tank fermentor, Bioprocess Engineering 5, 107–114.
Spencer, F. & Lowenstein, S.F. 1967 Citrate content of liver and kidney of rat in various metabolic states and fluoro acetate poisoning, Biochemical Journal 103, 342–348.
Sutherland, I.W. 1990 Biotechnology of microbial polysaccharides. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Vashitz, O. & Shientuch, M. 1991 Analysis of polymer synthesis rate during steady state growth of X. campestris, Biotechnology and Bioengineering 37, 383–385.
Zaidi, A., Ghosh, P. Schumpe, A. & Deckwer, W.D. 1991 Xanthan production in a plunging jet reactor, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 35, 330–333.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Jana, A., Ghosh, P. Stimulation of xanthan production by Xanthomonas campestris using citric acid. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 13, 261–264 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018518620717
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018518620717