Abstract
Copolymerization of pyrrole and indole was achieved electrochemically in acetonitrile containing lithium perchlorate as supporting electrolyte. The copolymer compositions can be altered by varying the comonomer feed ratios during preparation. The copolymers were characterized by conductivity measurements, cyclic voltammetry, scanning electron microscopy, UV-visible and IR spectroscopic techniques. A possible scheme for the copolymerization mechanism has been suggested.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
P. Novak, K. Muller and K. S. V. Santhanam, Chem.Rev. 97 (1997) 207.
Y. Kudoh, S. Tsuchiya, T. Kojima, M. Fukuyama and S. Yoshimura, Synth.Met. 41 (1991) 1133.
D. Curran, J. Grimshaw and S. D. Perera, Chem. Soc.Rev. 20 (1991) 391.
T. F. Otero and H. J. Grande, in “Handbook of Conducting Polymers,” 2nd ed., edited by T. A. Skotheim, R. L. Elsenbaumer and J. R. Reynolds (Marcel Dekker, New York, 1998) p. 1015.
J. T. McDevitt, D. R. Riley and S. G. Haupt, Anal.Chem. 65 (1993) 535.
K. M. Choi, C. Y. Kim and K. H. Kim, J.Phys.Chem. 96 (1992) 3782.
K. Jackowska, A. Kudelski and J. Bukowska, Electrochim. Acta 39 (1994) 1365.
D. Billaud, E. B. Maarouf and E. Hannecart, Materials Research Bulletin 29 (1994) 1239.
Idem., Syn.Met. 69 (1995) 571.
R. Holze and C. H. Hamann, Tetrahedron 47 (1991) 737.
P. N. Bartlett and J. Farrington, Bull.Electrochem. 8 (1992) 208.
J. Gordon Mackintosh and A. R. Mount, J.Chem. Soc.Faraday.Trans. 90 (1994) 1121.
J. Gordon Mackintosh, C. R. Redpath, A. C. Jones, P. R. R. Langridge-Smith and A. R. Mount, J.Electroanal.Chem. 388 (1995) 179.
H. Talbi, B. Humbert and D. Billaud, Syn.Met. 84 (1997) 875.
E. B. Maarouf, D. Billaud and E. Hannecart, Materials Research Bulletin 29 (1994) 637.
G. Tourillon and F. Garnier, J.Electroanal.Chem. 135 (1982) 173.
J. P. Ferraris and D. J. Guerrero, in “Handbook of Conducting Polymers,” 2nd ed., edited by T. A. Skotheim, R. L. Elsenbaumer and J. R. Reynolds (Marcel Dekker, New York, 1998) p. 259.
K. K. Kanazawa, A. F. Diaz, M. T. Krounbi and G. B. Street, Syn.Met. 4 (1981) 119.
M. Velazquez Rosenthal, T. A. Skotheim, A. Melo, M. I. Florit and M. Salmon, J.Electroanal. Chem. 185 (1985) 297.
H. S. O. Chan, E. T. Kang, K. G. Neoh, K. L. Tan, B. T. G. Tan and Y. K. Lim, Syn.Met. 30 (1989) 189.
P. Novak and W. Vielstich, J.Electroanal.Chem. 300 (1991) 99.
R. Singh, A. K. Narula, R. P. Tandon, S. U. M. Rao, V. S. Panwar, A. Mansingh and S. Chandra, Syn.Met. 79 (1996) 1.
O. Inganas, B. Liedberg and W. Chang-Ru, ibid. 14 (1985) 239.
S. Naitoh, K. Sanui and N. Ogata, J.Chem.Soc., Chem. Commun. (1986) 1348.
S. Kuwabata, S. Ito and H. Yoneyama, J.Electrochem. Soc. 135 (1988) 1691.
U. Geibler, M. L. Hallensleben and L. Toppare, Syn.Met. 55–57 (1993) 1483.
R. Saraswathi, S. Kuwabata and H. Yoneyama, J.Electroanal.Chem. 335 (1992) 223.
E. W. Paul, A. J. Ricco and M. S. Wrighton, J.Phys.Chem. 89 (1985) 1441.
M. Gholamian, T. N. Suresh Kumar and A. Q. Contractor, Proc.Indian Acad.Sci.(Chem.Sci.) 97 (1986) 457.
G. Schiavon, S. Sitran and G. Zotti, Syn.Met. 32 (1989) 209.
J. R. Dyer, “Applications of Absorption Spectroscopy of Organic Compounds” (Prentice-Hall, New Delhi, 1971).
K. Kaneto, K. Yoshino and Y. Inuishi, Jpn.J.Appl. Phys. 21 (1982) L567.
H. T. Chiu, J. S. Lin and C. M. Huang, J.App.Electrochem. 22 (1992) 358.
R. Saraswathi and K. Dhanalakshmi, unpublished results.
J. Gordon Mackintosh, C. R. Redpath, A. C. Jones, P. R. R. Langridge-Smith and A. R. Mount, J.Electroanal.Chem. 375 (1994) 163.
K. Bade, V. Tsakova and J. W. Schultze, Electrochim.Acta 37 (1992) 2255.
S. Asavapiriyanont, G. K. Chandler, G. A. Gunawardena and D. Pletcher, J.Electroanal.Chem. 177 (1984) 229.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Dhanalakshmi, K., Saraswathi, R. Electrochemical preparation and characterization of conducting copolymers: poly(pyrrole-co-indole). Journal of Materials Science 36, 4107–4115 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1017988015634
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1017988015634