Abstract
Heat transport by saturated 3He-4He films has been studied at temperatures 50..350 mK and the bulk concentration of 3He ranging from 0.1 ppm to 5%. The cooling of the film, when locally heated above 160 mK, is mainly via 2D flow of surface 3He from colder area followed by evaporation of 3He. At certain heating power the 2D flow becomes a bottleneck, the heated spot runs out of 3He and its temperature abruptly increases. The critical power is nearly proportional to the surface density of 3He. For higher 3He concentrations another distinct step in temperature has been observed at a lower heating power. It is attributed to the existence of an excited 3He surface state whose population starts at 3He surface density of 3.5×10 14 cm−2. The second state is located about 1.2 K higher in energy than the ground state and provides an additional channel for the 2D flow of 3He.
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At this density the parameters of the ground state given in Ref. 3 differ slight-ly from those in Ref. 7 due to somewhat different values of the mean-field interaction term.
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Vasilyev, S., Safonov, A., Kharitonov, A. et al. Evaporative Cooling of 3He-4He Mixture Films. Journal of Low Temperature Physics 121, 519–524 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1017538805574
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1017538805574