Abstract
A relationship between the antioxidant defence system and metal iontolerance in two types of sunflower callus differing in metal ion sensitivitywas studied. The antioxidant defence system of callus subjected to anadaptationtreatment of Cd(II), Al(III) and Cr(III) responded differently to 150μM of each metal compared with the corresponding controls undershock treatment. The GSH/GSSG ratio remained similar to control values for thethree metal-acclimated calli and in the chromium shock treatment, decreasingmoderately in the acute treatment with cadmium and aluminum. In contrast, theAs/DAs ratio was decreased in the two different treatments for the three metalsions, but the decrease was greater with acute stress. The antioxidant enzymesresponded differently according to the metal and treatment used. In chromiumadapted callus, all antioxidant enzymes increased except for glutathionereductase. However, in the shock treatment ascorbate peroxidase activity wasdiminished with each metal ion assayed. Guaiacol peroxidase was decreased bycadmium and chromium and remained similar to control values with aluminum.Glutathione reductase was only decreased by cadmium, and superoxide dismutaseand catalase activities were less increased than in tolerant cells. Theseresults suggest the involvement of an antioxidant defence system in theadaptiveresponse to heavy metal ions in Helianthus annuus L.cells.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Anderson M.E. 1985. Determination of glutathione and glutathione disulfide in biological samples. Method Enzymol. 113: 548–554.
Becana M., Aparico-Tejo P., Irigoyen J.J. and Sanchez-Diaz M. 1986. Some enzymes of hydrogen peroxide metabolism in leaves and root nodules of Medicago sativa. Plant Physiol. 82: 1169–1171.
Benavides M.P., Marconi P.L., Gallego S.M., Comba M.E. and Tomaro M.L. 2000. Relationship between Antioxidant Defence System and Salt Tolerance in Solanum tuberosum. Aus. J. Plant Physiol. 27: 273–278.
Bradford M.M. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal. Biochem. 72: 248–254.
Chance B., Sies H. and Boveris A. 1979. Hydroperoxide metabolism in mammalian organs. Physiol. Rev. 59: 527–605.
Cobbett C.S. 2000. Phytochelatin biosynthesis and function in heavy-metal detoxification. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 3: 211–216.
Ernst W.H.O., Verkleij J.A.C. and Schat H. 1992. Metal tolerance in plants. Acta Bot. Neerl. 41: 229–248.
Gallego S.M., Benavides M.P. and Tomaro M.L. 1996. Effect of heavy metal ion excess on sunflower leaves: evidence for involvement of oxidative stress. Plant Sci. 121: 151–159.
Gallego S.M., Benavides M.P. and Tomaro M.L. 1999. Effect of cadmium ions on antioxidant defense system in sunflower cotyledons. Biol. Plantarum. 42: 49–55.
Giannopolitis C.N. and Ries S.K. 1977. Superoxide Dismutase, I. Occurrence in higher plants. Plant Physiol. 59: 309–314.
Heath R.L. and Packer L. 1968. Photoperoxidation in isolated chloroplasts. I. Kinetics and stoichiometry of fatty acid peroxidation. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 125: 189–198.
Horst W.J., Asher C.J., Cakmak Y., Szulkiewicz P. and Wissemeier A.H. 1991. Short-term responses of soybean roots to aluminum. In: Wright R.J., Baligar V.C. and Murrman R.P. (eds), Utilization of Acidic Soils for Crop Production Developments in Plant and Soil Sciences. Vol. 45. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp. 733–739.
Law M.Y., Charles S.A. and Halliwell B. 1983. Glutathione and ascorbic acid in spinach (Spinacia oleracea) chloroplast. Biochem. J. 210: 899–903.
Murashige T. and Skoog F. 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plantarum. 15: 473–497.
Nakano Y. and Asada K. 1981. Hydrogen peroxide is scavenged by ascorbate-specific peroxidase in spinach chloroplast. Plant Cell. Physiol. 22: 867–880.
Oteiza P.I., Fraga C.G. and Keen C.L. 1993. Aluminum has both oxidant and antioxidant effects in mouse brain membranes. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 300: 517–521.
Parker D.R. and Pedler J.F. 1998. Probing the “malate hypothesis” of differential aluminum tolerance in wheat by using other rhizotoxic ions as proxies for Al. Planta. 205: 389–396.
Richards K.D., Schott E.J., Sharma Y.K., Davis K.R. and Gardner R.C. 1998. Aluminum induce oxidative stress genes in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Physiol. 116: 409–418.
Romero-Puertas M.C., Mc Carthy I., Sandalio L.M., Palma J.M., Corpas F.J., Gómez M. et al. 1999. Cadmium toxicity and oxidative metabolism of pea leaf peroxisomes. Free Radical. Res. 31: 25–31.
Schaedle M. and Bassham J.A. 1977. Chloroplast glutathione reductase. Plant Physiol. 59: 1011–1012.
Stohs S.J. and Bagchi D. 1995. Oxidative mechanisms in the toxicity of metal ions. Free Radical. Biol. Med. 18: 321–336.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Gallego, S., Benavides, M. & Tomaro, M. Involvement of an antioxidant defence system in the adaptive response to heavy metal ions in Helianthus annuus L. cells. Plant Growth Regulation 36, 267–273 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016536319908
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016536319908