Abstract
Growth, photosynthesis, utilization of assimilates, and the development of a source function in leaves were studied in relation to changes in concentrations and ratios of phytohormones. Carbon isotope 14C was used to trace utilization and outflow of photosynthetic products from the leaf. Concentrations of endogenous phytohormones were determined by solid-phase immunoenzyme assay. It was shown that, in juvenile leaves (one-fifth of their final area), which did not attain a high rate of photosynthesis, up to 80% of assimilates were incorporated into structural polysaccharides (cellulose and hemicellulose) one day after feeding with 14CO2. During leaf growth and the development of its source function, the synthesis of structural polysaccharides declined to 10%, but the formation of alcohol- and water-soluble compounds (AWSC) grew to 80%. Monosaccharides and oligosaccharides, which could act as transport forms of carbohydrates, constituted 30% and 40% of AWSC, respectively. The percentage of assimilates utilized for protein synthesis decreased with leaf growth. The revealed changes correlate with the concentration and the ratio of free forms of phytohormones at various stages of leaf development. Development of a source function, a decline in cellulose and hemicellulose syntheses, and an increase in AWSC were related to the decrease in ABA and IAA concentrations and the increase in the ABA/IAA ratio. The ABA level can regulate the pathways of photoassimilate utilization in leaves by partitioning carbon flows either to the synthesis of high-molecular-weight compounds (cellulose, hemicellulose, and proteins), used for cell growth in leaves, or to the synthesis of transport forms of carbohydrates. A high ABA level favors the first pathway while low level switches leaf metabolism to the second one.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Kursanov, A.L., Transport assimilyatov v rastenii (Assimilate Transport in Plant), Moscow: Nauka, 1976. Translated under the title Assimilate Transport in Plants, Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1984.
Turgeon, R., The Sink-Source Transition in Leaves, Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol., 1989, vol. 40, pp. 119–138.
Turkina, M.V. and Pavlinova, O.A., Assimilate Transport as a Factor of the Integration of Physiological Processes in Plants, Fiziol. Rast. (Moscow), 1981, vol. 28, pp. 184–205 (Sov. Plant Physiol., Engl. Transl.).
Mokronosov, A.T., Ontogeneticheskii aspekt fotosinteza (Developmental Aspects of Photosynthesis), Moscow: Nauka, 1981.
Mokronosov, A.T., Fotosinteticheskaya funktsiya i tselostnost' rastitel'nogo organizma, 42-e Timiryazevskoe chtenie (Photosynthetic Function and Integrity of Plant Organism, the 42nd Timiryazev Lecture), Moscow: Nauka, 1983.
Chikov, V.I., Fotosintez i transport assimilyatov (Photosynthesis and Assimilate Transport), Moscow: Nauka, 1987.
Sytnik, K.M., Musatenko, L.I., and Bogdanova, T.L., Fiziologiya lista (Leaf Physiology), Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 1978.
Mokronosov, A.T., Some Aspects of 14 C Application to the Study of Photosynthesis, Zap. Sverdlovsk. Otd. Vses. Bot. O-va, no. 5, Gorchakovskii, P.L., Ed., Sverdlovsk, 1966, pp. 3–10.
Kudoyarova, G.R., Veselov, S.Yu., Karavaiko, N.N., Gyulizade, V.Z., Cheredova, E.P., Mustafina, A.R., Moshkov, I.E., and Kulaeva, O.N., The System of Immunoenzyme Assay in the Cytokinin Determination, Fiziol. Rast. (Moscow), 1990, vol. 37, pp. 193–199 (Sov. Plant Physiol., Engl. Transl.).
Kudoyarova, G.R., Kof, E.M., Gyulizade, V.Z., Egudkin, I.A., Mustafina, A.R., Cheredova, E.P., and Veselov, S.Yu., The Role of Extractive Purification of Plant Material, Immunofermentnyi analiz regulyatorov rosta rastenii: primenenie v fiziologii rastenii i ekologii (Immunoenzyme Assay of Plant Growth Regulators: Application to Plant Physiology and Ecology), Ufa: Biol. Nauchn. Tsentr, Ural. Otd. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1990, pp. 8–22.
Kiseleva, I.S., Sycheva, N.M., Kaminskaya, O.A., and Mikhaleva, O.S., Relationship between Growth, Import of Assimilates, and Content of Phytohormones in Barley Ears, Fiziol. Rast. (Moscow), 1998, vol. 45, pp. 54--556 (Russ. J.Plant Physiol., Engl. Transl.).
Kiseleva, I.S. and Gladilina, E.N., Mesostructure of Leaf and the Activity of Photosynthetic Apparatus in Barley, Fotosintez i produktsionnyi protsess (Photosynthesis and Productivity), Mokronosov, A.T., Ed., Sverdlovsk: Ural Gos. Univ., 1988, pp. 63–75.
Kiseleva, I.S. and Nekrasova, G.F., Development of Structure and Photosynthetic Function of Primary Barley Leaf Cells, Abstracts of Russian-USA Workshop on Photosynthesis, Pushchino, 1992, pp. 16–17.
Ozeretskovskaya, O.L. and Romenskaya, I.G., Oligosaccharins as Regulatory Molecules of Plants, Fiziol. Rast. (Moscow), 1996, vol. 43, pp. 743–752 (Russ. J. Plant Physiol., Engl. Transl.).
Nikiforova, V.Yu., Sidorkina, E.V., and Milyaeva, E.L., The Control of Plant Transition to Flowering by Cell-Wall Active Compounds, Fiziol. Rast. (Moscow), 1999, vol. 46, pp. 757–762 (Russ. J. Plant Physiol., Engl. Transl.).
Zabotina, O.A., Ayupova, D.A., Larskaya, I.A., Nikolaeva, O.G., Petrovicheva, G.A., and Zabotin, A.I., Physiologycally Active Oligosaccharides Accumulating in the Roots of Winter Wheat during Adaptation to Low Temperature, Fiziol. Rast. (Moscow), 1998, vol. 45, pp. 262–267 (Russ. J. Plant Physiol., Engl. Transl.).
Buchanan-Wollaston, V., The Molecular Biology of Leaf Senescence, J. Exp. Bot., 1997, vol. 48, pp. 181–199.
Golovko, T.K., Dykhanie rastenii: fiziologicheskie aspekty (Plant Respiration: Physiological Aspects), St. Petersburg: Nauka, 1999.
Kefeli, V.I., Kof, E.M., Vlasov, P.V., and Kislin, E.N., Prirodnyi ingibitor rosta—abstsizovaya kislota (Abscisic Acid: A Natural Growth Inhibitor), Moscow: Nauka, 1989.
Vreugdenhil, D., Abscisic Acid Inhibits Phloem Loading of Sucrose, Physiol. Plant., 1983, vol. 57, pp. 463–467.
Karpov, E.A. and Belozerova, O.L., The Effect of Growth Regulators on the Photosynthesis and Unloading of 14 C-Products from the Soya Plant Leaves during Reproductive Period, Fiziol. Rast. (Moscow), 1985, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 539–544 (Sov. Plant Physiol., Engl. Transl.).
Borzenkova, R.A. and Nefedova, O.A., The Formation of the Photosynthetic Apparatus and Endogenous Cytokinin Content during Development of the Potato Leaf, Fiziol. Rast. (Moscow), 1981, vol. 28, pp. 825–833 (Sov. Plant Physiol., Engl. Transl.).
Kulaeva, O.N., Gormonal'naya regulyatsiya fiziologicheskikh protsessov u rastenii na urovne sinteza RNK i belka, 41-e Timiryazevskoe chtenie (Hormonal Regulation of Physiological Processes in Plants at the Level of RNA and Protein Synthesis, the 41st Timiryazev Lecture), Moscow: Nauka, 1982.
Muzafarov, E.N., Kreslavskii, V.D., and Nazarova, G.N., Svetovaya i gormonal'naya regulyatsiya fotosinteza i rosta rastenii (Light and Hormonal Regulation of Plant Photosynthesis and Growth), Pushchino: Pushchin. Nauchn. Tsentr Ross. Akad. Nauk, 1995.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kiseleva, I.S., Kaminskaya, O.A. Hormonal Regulation of Assimilate Utilization in Barley Leaves in Relation to the Development of Their Source Function. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology 49, 534–540 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016324312244
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016324312244