Abstract
A rare case report of American leishmaniasis imported to Italy after a prolonged journey in Brazil is described, and discussed according to the recent epidemiologic, diagnostic, and clinical literature evidence. Since a delayed diagnosis and treatment of American leishmaniasis outside endemic areas is common (due to a low clinical suspicion), careful and timely consideration of tropical infections is warranted in the differential diagnosis of cutaneous lesions found in a European traveller.
References
Gramiccia M. Leishmaniosi del vecchio mondo. Ann Ist Super Sanità 1997; 33: 231–239.
Albanese G, Cintio R, Galbiati G Cutaneous leishmaniasis in the north of Italy. Int J Dermatol 1996; 35: 223–224.
Manfredi R, D'Antuono, Passarini B, et al. Atypical, cutaneous leishmaniasis with suspected visceral involvement in a patient with severe HIV-related immunodefeciency. Eur J Dermatol 1996; 6: 350–352.
Oliveira-Neto MP, Schubach A, Mattos M, Gonçalves-Costa SC, Pirmez C. A low-dose antimony treatment in 159 patients with American cutaneous leishmaniasis: Extensive follow-up studies (up to 10 years). Am J Trop Hyg 1997; 57: 651–655.
Zlotogorski A, Gilead L, Jonas F, Horev L, Klaus SN. South American cutaneous leishmaniasis: Report of ten cases in Israeli travelers. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 1998; 11: 32–36.
De Oliveira-Neto MP, Mattos MS, Perez MA, et al. American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil: Main clinical and epidemiologic characteristics. Int J Dermatol 2000; 39: 506–514.
Herwaldt BL, Stokes SL, Juranek DD. American cutaneous leishmaniasis in U.S. travelers Intern Med 1993; 118: 779–784.
Manfredi R, Mazzoni A, Pileri S, et al. Simultaneous occurrence of visceral leishmaniasis and disseminated histoplasmosis in an Italian patient with HIV infection. Infection 1994; 21: 224–225.
Caumes E, Carriere J, Guermonprez G, Bricaire F, Danis M, Gentilini M. Dermatoses associated with travel to tropical countries: A prospective study of the diagnosis and management of 269 patients presenting to a tropical disease unit. Clin Infect Dis 1995; 20: 542–548.
Rosbotham JL, Corbett EL, Grant HR, Hay RJ, Bryceson AD. Imported mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. Clin Exp Dermatol 1996; 21: 288–290.
Mohareb EW, Mikhail EM, Youssef FG. Leishmania tropica in Egypt: An undesirable import. Trop Med Int Health 1996; 1: 251–254.
Calleri G, Lipani F, Gaiottino F, Caramello P. Leishmaniosi cutanea a lesioni multiple contratta dopo soggiorno in America centrale. Minerva Med 1996; 87: 249–251.
Willems JP, Schmidt SM, Greer KE, McCall CO, Pearson RD. Sporotrichoid cutaneous leishmaniasis in a traveler. South Med J 1997; 90: 325–327.
Lucchina LC, Wilson ME, Drake LA. Dermatology and the recently returned traveller: Infectious diseases with dermatologic manifestations. Int J Dermatol 1997; 36: 167–181.
Maguire GP, Bastian I, Arianayagam S, Bryceson A, Currie BJ. New World cutaneous leishmaniasis imported into Australia. Pathology 1998; 30: 73–76.
Tas S. Vacation souvenirs: Inoculation pathologies (cutaneous larva migrans, cutaneous leishmaniasis, Lyme disease, rickettsioses). RevMed Brux 2000; 21: A257–A265.
Machado-Coelho GL, Assunçao R, Mayrink W, Caiaffa WT. American cutaneous leishmaniasis in Southeast Brazil: Space-time clustering. Int J Epidemiol 1999; 28: 982–999.
Rocha PN, Almeida RP, Bacellar O, et al. Down-regulation of Th1 type of response in early human American cutaneous leishmaniasis. J Infect Dis 1999; 180: 1731–1734.
Romero GA, Vinitius De Farias Guerra M, Gomes Paes M, De Oliveira Macedo V. Comparison of cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis and L. (V.) guyanensis in Brazil: Clinical findings and diagnostic approach. Clin Infect Dis 2001; 32: 1304–1312.
Krause G, Kroeger A. Topical paromomycin/methylbenzethonium chloride plus parenteral meglumine antimoniate as treatment of American cutaneous leishmaniasis: Controlled study. Clin Infect Dis 1999; 29: 466–467.
Almeida R, De Oliveira A, Machado P, et al. Randomized, double-blind study of stibogluconate plus human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor versus stibogluconate alone in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. J Infect Dis 1999; 180: 1735–1737.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Manfredi, R., di Bari, M.A., Calza, L. et al. American cutaneous leishmaniasis as a rare imported disease in Europe: A case report favourably treated with antimonial derivatives. Eur J Epidemiol 17, 793–795 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015622016579
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015622016579