Magnetoelastic Memory of High-Chromium Steel

Abstract

This paper continues the series of previous publications [1–7] dedicated to the search for materials for magnetoelastic crashers. A magnetoelastic crasher is a piece of a ferromagnetic material in the residually magnetized state. When this piece is compressed or stretched, its magnetization changes irreversibly with a definite increment, which enables one to estimate the load applied to the crasher. This process is termed the effect of magnetoelastic memory. The crasher's materials should satisfy certain conditions. In particular, the residual magnetization and the character of its change under applied load should depend as weakly as possible on the applied magnetic field, time, and variations in thermal conditions in the zone of measurements. Moreover, the material should be strong enough, resistant to corrosion, and inexpensive. Among the materials that satisfy the latter three conditions are high-chromium steels. Experiments conducted with the 30Kh13 steel [7] detected the effect of magnetoelastic memory in this material, but its magnetoelastic susceptibility is relatively low. In steels with different chromium contents, the magnetostriction, alongside its magnetoelastic susceptibility, can be higher. For our studies of this problem, we selected a steel containing 14.37% of chromium.