Abstract
Heat capacities at infinite dilution of NaCl (aq) for the temperature range 0 to −25°C and apparent molar volumes at infinite dilution for 0 to −15°C have been estimated from a synthesis of experimental data collected at subzero temperatures. The parameters of the Helgeson–Kirkham–Flowers (HKF) equation for Na+ (aq) have been obtained, from which the Gibbs energies of Na+ and Cl− have been calculated. The estimated values of Pitzer-equation parameters for thermal and activity-coefficient properties have been adjusted for subzero temperatures. The experimental phase diagram for the NaCl–H2O system could be reproduced with these data, demonstrating the low-temperature applicability of the HKF model to extrapolate thermodynamic properties of aqueous-solution species at infinite dilution.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
D. G. Archer, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 21, 793 (1992).
R. J. Spencer, N. Møller, and J. Weare, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 54, 575 (1990).
J. C. Tanger, IV and H. C. Helgeson, Amer. J. Sci. 288, 19 (1988).
C. A. Angell, in Water, a Comprehensive Treatise, F. Franks, ed., Vol. 7 (Plenum, New York, 1982), pp 1–82.
K. S. Pitzer, Thermodynamics, 3rd edn. (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1995).
R. Cohen-Adad and J. Lorimer, eds. Alkali Metals and Ammonium Chlorides in Water and Heavy Water (Binary Systems). Solubility Data Series, Vol. 47, (Pergamon, Oxford, 1991).
J. W. Johnson, E. H. Oelkers, and H. C. Helgeson, Comp. Geosci. 18, 899 (1992).
P. G. Hill, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 19, 1233 (1990).
D. E. Hare and C. M. Sorensen, J. Chem. Phys. 85, 4840 (1987).
C. A. Angell, M. Oguni, and W. J. Sichina, J. Phys. Chem. 86, 998 (1982).
D. G. Archer and P. Wang, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 19, 371 (1990).
J. B. Hasted and M. Shahidi, Nature (London) 262, 777 (1976).
I. M. Hodge and C. A. Angell, J. Phys. Chem. 68, 1363 (1978).
D. Bertolini, M. Cassettari, and G. Salvetti, J. Phys. Chem. 76, 3285 (1982).
M. V. Mironenko, G. E. Boitnott, S. A. Grant, and R. S. Sietten, J. Phys. Chem. 105, 9909 (2001).
M. V. Mironenko, S. A. Grant, and G. M. Marion, J. Solution. Chem. 26, 433 (1997).
K. S. Pitzer, J. C. Peiper, and R. H. Busey, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 13, 1 (1984).
B. S. Krumgalz, R. Podgorelskii, and K. S. Pitzer, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 25, 663 (1996).
P. S. Z. Rogers and K. S. Pitzer, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 11, 15 (1982).
D. G. Albert and R. W. Carter, J. Phys. Chem. 104, 8563 (2000).
V. P. Glushko, ed., Termodinamicheskie svoistva individual'nykh veshchestv, (Thermodynamic Properties of Individual Substances), Vol. 1 (Nauka, Moscow, 1981) (in Russian).
M. V. Mironenko, S. A. Grant, and G. M. Marion, FREZCHEM2, A Chemical Thermodynamic Model for Electrolyte Solutions at Subzero Temperatures. CRREL Special Report 97-05 (Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, NH, 1997).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Akinfiev, N.N., Mironenko, M.V. & Grant, S.A. Thermodynamic Properties of NaCl Solutions at Subzero Temperatures. Journal of Solution Chemistry 30, 1065–1080 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014445917207
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014445917207