Abstract
This paper is devoted to a unified description of a large class of clean unconventional superconductors within a generalized weak coupling BCS model,applicable to the superfluid phases of liquid 3He, heavy Fermion and cuprate superconductors as well as the Ruddlesden–Popper system Sr 2 RuO 4 . Gap nodes, leading to low energy (nodal) Bogoliubov quasiparticles do not only modify the two universal so-called Mühlschlegel-BCS parameters, namely the specific heat discontinuity ΔC/C N at the transition and the gap maximum Δ 0 (0)/k B T c at zero temperature. They give rise also to the existence ofa certain number of further universal parameters, namely the slopes or curvatures in the temperature dependence of the local response functions the low temperature limit, which vanish altogether in a conventional BCS description of isotropic s-wave pairing. All these parameters are calculated analyticallyfor a large variety of model pairing states and discussed with respect to their experimental observability.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
J. Bardeen, L. N. Cooper, and J. R. Schrieffer, Phys. Rev. 10, 1159 (1957).
B. Mühlschlegel, Z. Phys. 155, 313 (1959).
D. D. Osheroff, D. M. Lee, and R. C. Richardson, Phys. Rev. Lett. 29, 920 (1972).
A. J. Leggett, Rev. Mod. Phys. 47, 331 (1975).
J. C. Wheatley, Rev. Mod. Phys. 47, 415 (1976).
D. Vollhardt and P. Wölfle, The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3, Taylor and Francis, London, 1990.
CeCu2Si2: F. Steglich, J. Aarts, C. D. Bredl, W. Lieke, D. Meschede, W. Franz, and J. Schäfer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 43, 1892 (1979).
UBe13: H. R. Ott, H. Rudigier, Z. Fisk, and J. L. Smith, Phys. Rev. Lett. 50, 1595 (1983).
UPt3: G. Stewart, Z. Fisk, J. O. Willis, and J. L. Smith, Phys. Rev. Lett. 52, 679 (1984).
J. G. Bednorz and K. A. Müller, Z. Phys. B 64 189 (1986).
for a recent review see for example: C. C. Tsuei and J. R. Kirtley, Rev. Mod. Phys. 72, 969 (2000).
Y. Maeno, H. Hashimoto, K. Yoshida, S. Nishizaki, T. Fujita, J. G. Bednorz, and F. Lichtenberg, Nature 372, 532 (1984).
P. W. Anderson and P. Morel, Phys. Rev. 123, 1911 (1961).
R. Balian and N. R. Werthamer, Phys. Rev. 131, 1553 (1963).
H. R. Ott, H. Rudigier, T. M. Rice, K. Ueda, Z. Fisk, and J. L. Smith, Phys. Rev. Lett. 52, 1915 (1984).
P. J. Hirschfeld, P. Wölfle, and D. Einzel, Phys. Rev. B 37, 83 (1988).
K. A. Park and R. Joynt, Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 4734 (1995).
J. A. Sauls, J. Low Temp. Phys. 95, 153 (1994); Adv. Phys. 43, 153 (1994).
M. Sigrist and T. M. Rice, Z. Phys. 68, 9 (1987).
T. M. Rice and M. Sigrist, J. Phys. C 7, L643 (1997).
Y. Hascgawa, K. Machida, and M. Ozaki, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 69, 336 (2000).
G. E. Volovik and L. P. Gor'kov, Sov. Phys. JETP 61, 843 (1985).
E. I. Blount, Phys. Rev. 32, 2935 (1985).
D. Einzel, Superconductivity and Superfluidity, Lexikon der Physik, pgs. 228–235, Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg, 2000.
K. Yosida, Phys. Rev. 110, 769 (1958).
H. Tou, Y. Kitoka, K. Asayama, N. Kimura, Y. Onuki, E. Yamamoto, and K. Maezawa, Phys. Rev. Lett., 77 1374 (1996)
K. Ishida, H. Mukuda, Y. Kitoka, K. Asayama, Z. Q. Mao, Y. Mori, and Y. Maeno, Nature 396, 658 (1998)
D. Einzel, P. J. Hirschfeld, F. Gross, B. S. Chadrasekhar, K. Andres, H. R. Ott, J. Beuers, Z. Fisk, and J. L. Smith, Phys. Rev. Lett. 56, 2513 (1986).
B. S. Chadrasekhar and D. Einzel, Ann. Phys. 2, 535 (1993).
D. Einzel, P. J. Hirschfeld, F. Gross, B. S. Chadrasekhar, K. Andres, H. R. Ott, J. Beuers, Z. Fisk, and J. L. Smith, Phys. Rev. Lett. 56, 2513 (1986).
F. Gross-Alltag, B. S. Chandrasekhar, D. Einzel, P. J. Hirschfeld, and K. Andres, Z. Phys. B 82, 243 (1991).
D. Einzel and I. Schürrer, J. Low Temp. Phys. 117, 15 (1999) and references therein.
W. P. Halperin, C. W. Archie, F. B. Rasmussen, T. A. Alvesalo, and R. C. Richardson, Phys. Rev. B 13, 2124 (1976).
K. A. Moler, Phys. Rev. Lett. 73, 2744 (1994).
Yuxing Wang, B. Revaz, A. Erb, and A. Junod, Phys. Rev. B 63, 94508 (2001), A. Junod, private communication.
A. Janossy, T. Feher, G. Oszlanyi, and G. V. M. Williams, Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 2726 (1997).
W. N. Hardy, D. A. Bonn, D. C. Morgan, Ruixing Liang, and Kuan Zhang, Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 3999 (1993).
S. Schoettl, E. Schuberth, K. Flachbart, J. Hufnagl, and E. Bucher, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 2378 (1999).
S. Nishizaki, Y. Maeno, and Z. Q. Mao, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 69, 572 (2000).
D. Rainer and J. W. Serene, Phys. Reports, 101, 221 (1983).
W. C. Wu and R. Joynt, Phys. Rev. B 64, 100507 (2001).
K. Izawa, H. Takahashi, H. Yamaguchi, Y. Matsuda, M. Suzuki, T. Sasaki, T. Fukase, Y. Yoshida, R. Settai, and Y. Onuki, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 2653 (2001).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Einzel, D. Universal Parameters in the Response of Unconventional Superconductors. Journal of Low Temperature Physics 126, 867–879 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1013886406749
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1013886406749